Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify five kinds of Auricularia auricula from different regions. The results show the infrared spectrum of Auricularia auricula is mainly composed of the absorption of protein, aliphatic compound and polysaccharide. The spectra of five samples are very similar. Two regions of 1750～1500 cm-1 and 1200～1000 cm-1 in infrared absorption spectra were selected for evaluating the correlation coefficients. The correlation coefficients of five samples between 1750 cm-1 and 1500 cm-1 are located from 0.895 to 0.994, which indicates the spectra have good correlation. The correlation coefficients are located from 0.441 to 0.981 between 1200 cm-1 and 1000 cm-1. There are obvious differences about the spectra among the mushrooms in the northeast and southwest. The differences in the range 1200～1000 cm-1 and other characteristics of absorption peaks might be used to identify Auricularia auricula from different regions. It is proved that mushrooms can be identified rapidly and conveniently by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.