Because of the selective recognition ability, molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) have great advantages as sensitive materials for sensors. Optical fiber sensors based on MIPs (OFS-MIPs) have a good prospect for applications and have been widely used in various fields, such as environment, chemistry, medicine, food safety and so on. The research progress of OFS-MIPs is reviewed. The coupling methods between the optical fiber sensing and the molecular imprinting, the application fields and open problems of OFS-MIPs are investigated, and the prospects are prospected.