The existing distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measuring principle is to use the relationship between Stokes and anti-Stokes intensity ratio and temperature to obtain the temperature. However, it is difficult to process the light intensity signal, since the Raman scattering peak intensity is relatively weak. According to the bond relaxation theory and the relationship between Raman frequency shift and bond parameters, a linear relationship between Raman frequency shift and temperature is established. And a new method for measuring Raman frequency shift temperature is proposed. The Raman frequency shift high temperature effects of diamond, graphite, CdS, Bi₂Se₃ and Sb₂Te₃ are calculated. These calculation results match well with the experimental ones and the Raman reference frequency and the atomic cohesive energy are obtained. The proposed method effectively avoids the influence of Raman peak strength on temperature measurement and provides a new theoretical method for the rapid development of distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measuring techniques.