In this study, foreground occlusion occurs in the application of camera measurement due to the complex structure of objects or a complex scene environment, causing the target to be lost and the measurement to fail. An occlusion target position measurement approach based on array synthetic aperture imaging is developed using synthetic aperture imaging and image processing technology. The overall concept is to obtain a de-occluded image using a synthesis approach, identify the object to be measured in the image, and finally reconstruct the information to be measured. As the marker point approach is widely used in position observation in camera measurement, this study examines the gray distribution of typical markers from a synthetic aperture imaging process, summarizes the applicability of the existing recognition approaches under occlusion conditions, proposes a marker point appropriate for the special gray-scale distribution of synthetic images, and verifies the feasibility and the accuracy of the corresponding identification approach. Thereafter, the static and dynamic measurement experiments are conducted using the approach proposed in this study. The results show that the proposed occlusion target position measurement approach based on array synthetic aperture imaging can solve the challenges of marker points loss and information recognition missing due to foreground occlusion in complex structure measurement and complex environment measurement. The proposed approach offers a novel means to enhance the accuracy of camera measurement in related applications.