• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 59, Issue 17, 1727001 (2022)
Han Guo, Yunxia Li*, Jiahua Wei**, Jie Tang, and Yuexiang Cao
Author Affiliations
  • Teaching and Research Section of Communication Systems, Institute of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi , China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP202259.1727001 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Han Guo, Yunxia Li, Jiahua Wei, Jie Tang, Yuexiang Cao. Immune to Collective Noise Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communications[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(17): 1727001 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) breaks the structure of traditional secret communications. It directly sends a secret message through a quantum channel without first preparing the key. But in the actual quantum communication system, the eavesdropper Eve's attack on the device will lead to the leakage of secret information, and this eavesdropping will not be detected. In addition, since the current quantum transmission mode is still based on optical fiber transmission, it is impossible to avoid the influence of noise in the process of optical fiber transmission. Among these noises, collective dephasing noise and collective rotation noise are the most serious. In order to solve these problems, two measurement-device-independent QSDC protocols that can resist collective dephasing noise and collective rotation noise respectively are proposed. The information is transmitted through the measurement of an untrusted third party, which solves the problem of eavesdroppers' attack on measurement device. At the same time, the collective noise is avoided through no decoherence subspace. Through analysis, it is found that the protocol can effectively resist attacks and achieve absolutely secure communication.
    Udp0=0Udp1=eiθ1
    Udp=100eiθ
    +dp=12(0dp+1dp)=1201+10=φ+-dp=12(0dp-1dp)=1201-10=φ-
    G11234=120dp0dp+1dp1dp=1201120134+10121034=12Φ+13Φ+24-Φ-13Φ-24G21234=120dp0dp-1dp1dp =1201120134-10121034=12Φ-13Φ+24-Φ+13Φ-24G31234=120dp1dp+1dp0dp=1201121034+10120134=12Ψ+13Ψ+24-Ψ-13Ψ-24G41234=120dp1dp-1dp0dp=1201121034-10120134=12Ψ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Ψ-24
    Ur0=cosθ0+sinθ1Ur1=-sinθ0+cosθ1
    Ur=cosθ-sinθsinθcosθ
    +r=120r+1r=12Φ++Ψ--r=120r-1r=12Φ+-Ψ-
    L11234=122(0000+0011+1100+1111+0101-0110-1001+1010)1234=12Φ+12Φ+34+Ψ-12Ψ-34=120r0r+1r1r=12Φ+13Φ+24+Ψ-13Ψ-24L21234=122(0000+0011+1100+1111-0101+0110+1001-1010)1234=12Φ+12Φ+34-Ψ-12Ψ-34=120r0r-1r1r=12Φ+13Φ+24+Ψ-13Ψ-24L31234=122(0001-0010+1101-1110+0100+0111-1000-1011)1234=[12Φ+12Ψ-34+Ψ-12Φ+34=120r1r+1r0r=12Φ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Φ-24]L41234=122(0001-0010+1101-1110-0100-0111+1000+1011)1234=12Φ+12Ψ-34-Ψ-12Φ+34=120r1r-1r0r=12Φ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Φ-24
    G2ACG2BD=12(G1ABG1CD+G2ABG2CD-G3ABG3CD-G4ABG4CD)G4ACG4BD=12(G1ABG1CD-G2ABG2CD-G3ABG3CD+G4ABG4CD)G2ACG4BD= 12(G1ABG3CD+G2ABG4CD-G3ABG1CD-G4ABG2CD)G4ACG2BD=12(G1ABG3CD-G2ABG4CD-G3ABG1CD+G4ABG2CD)
    0dp+dp=120dp0dp+0dp1dp=12G1+G2+G3+G40dp-dp=120dp0dp-0dp1dp=12G1+G2-G3-G4   1dp+dp=121dp0dp+1dp1dp=12G1-G2+G3-G4 1dp-dp=121dp0dp-1dp1dp=12-G1+G2+G3-G4
    0dp0dp=12(G11234+G21234)1dp1dp=12(G11234-G21234)0dp1dp=12(G31234+G41234)+dp+dp=12(G11234+G31234)-dp-dp=12(G11234-G31234)+dp-dp=12(G21234-G41234)
    ΩIG21234=ΩI12(01120134-10121034)=12(Φ-13Φ+24-Φ+13Φ-24)=G21234ΩxG21234=Ωx12(01120134-10121034)=12(Ψ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Ψ-24)=G41234ΩIG41234=ΩI12(01121034-10120134)=12(Ψ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Ψ-24)=G41234ΩxG41234=Ωx12(01121034-10120134)=12(Φ-13Φ+24-Φ+13Φ-24)=G21234
    L2ACL2BD=12(L1ABL1CD+L2ABL2CD-L3ABL3CD-L4ABL4CD)L4ACL4BD=12(L1ABL1CD-L2ABL2CD-L3ABL3CD+L4ABL4CD)L2ACL4BD=12(L1ABL3CD+L2ABL4CD-L3ABL1CD-L4ABL2CD)L4ACL2BD=12(L1ABL3CD-L2ABL4CD-L3ABL1CD+L4ABL2CD)
    0r0r=12(L11234+L21234)1r1r=12(L11234-L21234)0r1r=12(L31234+L41234)+r+r=12(L11234+L31234)-r-r=12(L11234-L31234)+r-r=12(L21234-L41234)
    0r+r=120r0r+0r1r=12(L1+L2+L3+L4)12340r-r=12(0r0r-0r1r)=12(L1+L2-L3-L4)12341r+r=121r0r+1r1r=12(L1-L2+L3-L4)1234   1r-r=12(1r0r-1r1r)=12(-L1+L2+L3-L4)1234
    ΘIL21234=ΘI122(0000+0011+1100+1111-0101+0110+1001-1010)1234=122(0000+0011+1100+1111-0101+0110+1001-1010)1234=12Φ+12Φ+34-Ψ-12Ψ-34=12Φ-13Φ-24+Ψ+13Ψ+24=L21234 ,(1)
    ΘxL21234=Θx122(0000+0011+1100+1111-0101  +0110+1001-1010)1234=122(0001-0010+1101-1110-0100-0111+1000+1011)1234=12Φ+12Ψ-34-Ψ-12Φ+34=12Φ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Φ-24=L41234 ,(1)
    ΘIL41234=ΘI122(0001-0010+1101-1110-0100-0111+1000+1011)1234=122(0001-0010+1101-1110-0100-0111+1000+1011)1234=12Φ+12Ψ-34-Ψ-12Φ+34=12Φ-13Ψ+24-Ψ+13Φ-24=L41234 ,(1)
    ΘxL41234=Θx122(0001-0010+1101-1110-0100-0111+1000+1011)1234=122(0000+0011+1100+1111-0101  +0110+1001-1010)1234=12Φ+12Φ+34-Ψ-12Ψ-34=12Φ+13Φ+24+Ψ-13Ψ-24=L21234
    UE0dpeE=a000e00E+b001e01E+c00e10E+d01e11EUE1dpeE=a100e00'E+b101e01'E+c10e10'E+d11e11'EUE+dpeE=12UE0dpeE+UE1dpeE=12[Φ+a0e00E+d0e11E+a1e00'E+d1e11'E+Φ-a0e00E-d0e11E+a1e00'E-d1e11'E+Ψ+b0e01E+c0e10E+b1e01'E+c1e10'E+Ψ-b0e01E-c0e10E+b1e01'E-c1e10'E]UE-dpeE=12UE0dpeE-UE1dpeE=12[Φ+a0e00E+d0e11E-a1e00'E-d1e11'E+Φ-a0e00E-d0e11E-a1e00'E+d1e11'E+Ψ+b0e01E+c0e10E-b1e01'E-c1e10'E+Ψ-b0e01E+c0e10E-b1e01'E-c1e10'E]
    Han Guo, Yunxia Li, Jiahua Wei, Jie Tang, Yuexiang Cao. Immune to Collective Noise Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communications[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(17): 1727001
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