Author Affiliations
1Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang , China2State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang , China3Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang , China4College of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang , Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic of field propagation direction and detection area of a Gaussian beam incident on a single nanoparticle from above down
Fig. 2. Typical example of SMS technique. (a) Schematic setup for SMS technique
[33]; signal components of (b)
and (c)
of particles at different
relative to beam measured by SMS technique
[19] Fig. 3. Comparison of schematic setups for T-SMS and R-SMS. (a) T-SMS technique
[33]; (b) R-SMS technique
[34] Fig. 4. Schematic of experimental setup for modulating beam position
[37]. Beam modulation is realized by changing angle at back focal plane by using a Glavo mirror; inset shows that modulation can also be achieved by an acousto-optic deflector (AOD)
Fig. 5. Experimental schematic of modulating polarization
[44]. (a) Experimental setup of rotating linear polarization of laser at
and temporal modulation through a chopper at
; (b) spectrum of output signal where interested
frequency (angular frequency
) component is separated from interfering ones; (c) geometric diagram of a nanoantenna to be measured; (d) scanning electron micrograph (TEM) image of a nanoantenna
Fig. 6. Schematic of ultrafast time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy for sample nonlinearity measurement
[48] Fig. 7. Schematic of FT-SMS setup
[62] Fig. 8. Experimental setup for separation of scattering and absorption cross section spectra using a common-path interferometer
[63] Fig. 9. SMS technique combined with incoherent imaging system
[36]. (a) Schematic of SMS technology combined with incoherent imaging; (b), (c) comparison of stability effects of extinction cross section with and without defocus feedback
Fig. 10. Relationship between size of nanostructure and its spectrum
[79].(a)Diagram of environment-controlled
particle;(b)extinction cross section spectrum of particle measured by SMS technique;(c)linear dependence of extinction cross section spectrum
of small size single Ag@SiO
2 particle on inverse of
Fig. 11. Comparison of polarized light spectra in different directions for asymmetric particles. (a) Absorption cross section spectra (approximately equal to extinction) of a single elliptic gold nanoparticle
[82]; (b) extinction cross section spectra of a single gold nanorod
[81] Fig. 12. Spectra comparison of bare nanorods and silicon-coated nanorods in different environments
[93] Fig. 13. Relationship between extinction cross section spectrum
and
of a pair of gold spheres (
R=50 nm, light polarization along dimer axis, and refractive index of surrounding medium is 1.15)
[105] Scheme | Modulated quantity | Modulation method at frequency | Measured quantity(subscript:frequency of the component) | Target quantity | Measured quantity versus target quantity |
---|
1 | Particle position relative to spot | Vibrating sample | | (rigid sample) | | Deflecting beam in rear focal plane | | (nonrigid sample) | | 2 | Beam polarization angle | Rotating a plate | | (polarization parallel to long axis of particle) | | Operating a photoelastic modulator | | | | 3 | Pump-probe delay | Chopping pump beam | Probe beam | ,(time-resolved femtosecond nonlinear) | |
|
Table 1. Major modulation schemes of SMS technique