Chaos control and synchronization in long-delay electrical-optical bistable systems are researched through modified active-passive method. Unidirectional driving method and driving-coupling method are used in the study on chaos control and synchronization, respectively. The results of numerical simulation show that the chaos of driven system is controlled by the driving system through unidirectional driving method. The driven system′s periodic state lies on the driving system′s periodic state. By adjusting the driving intensity and the coupling coefficient, the chaos synchronization is realized between the driven system and the driving system with these two methods. The effects of driving-coupling method are better than those of unidirectional driving method. Driving-coupling method needs less coupling coefficient and has a larger range of effective coupling coefficient.