Compared with the trough concentrator heat collection system, the linear Fresnel concentrator heat collection system has lower optical efficiency, but it has a cost advantage. In order to improve its optical and thermal properties and reduce heat loss, scholars have conducted numerous research. Based on the summary of the optimization design of the main reflector, the secondary reflector and the mirror field of the linear Fresnel concentrator and heat collection system, as well as the thermal performance of the system and other existing research results at home and abroad, the focus was on the shading and blocking, end loss, tracking error, dust accumulation, optical loss caused by the geometric structure of the main mirror field and improvement measures. A comparative analysis of several mainstream secondary reflection receivers shows that CPC-type secondary reflection receiver is the most practical. At the same time, the enhanced heat transfer between the heat absorption tube and the working medium, and the heat loss of the linear Fresnel condenser using CPC were summarized, the existing problems and solutions were analyzed, the future development direction and improvement measures of LFR system were point out.