Diamond Raman laser: a promising high-beam-quality and low-thermal-effect laser

Yulan Li; Jie Ding; Zhenxu Bai; Xuezong Yang; Yuqi Li; Jingling Tang; Yu Zhang; Yaoyao Qi; Yulei Wang; Zhiwei Lu

doi:10.1017/hpl.2021.25

Journals >High Power Laser Science and Engineering >Volume 9 >Issue 3 >Page 03000e35 > Article

High Power Laser Science and Engineering
Vol. 9, Issue 3, 03000e35 (2021)

Diamond Raman laser: a promising high-beam-quality and low-thermal-effect laser

Yulan Li^1、2, Jie Ding^1、2、*, Zhenxu Bai^1、2、3, Xuezong Yang^1、2、3, Yuqi Li^1、2, Jingling Tang^1、2, Yu Zhang^1、2, Yaoyao Qi^1、2, Yulei Wang^1、2, and Zhiwei Lu^1、2

Author Affiliations

¹Center for Advanced Laser Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300401, China

²Hebei Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology and Equipment, Tianjin300401, China

³MQ Photonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

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DOI: 10.1017/hpl.2021.25 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yulan Li, Jie Ding, Zhenxu Bai, Xuezong Yang, Yuqi Li, Jingling Tang, Yu Zhang, Yaoyao Qi, Yulei Wang, Zhiwei Lu. Diamond Raman laser: a promising high-beam-quality and low-thermal-effect laser[J]. High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 2021, 9(3): 03000e35 Copy Citation Text

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Achieved output power of DRLs[8" target="_self" style="display: inline;">8,23" target="_self" style="display: inline;">23,28" target="_self" style="display: inline;">28–43" target="_self" style="display: inline;">43] compared with other crystalline Raman lasers[33" target="_self" style="display: inline;">33,44" target="_self" style="display: inline;">44–53" target="_self" style="display: inline;">53] and Raman fiber lasers[54" target="_self" style="display: inline;">54–61" target="_self" style="display: inline;">61].

Fig. 1. Achieved output power of DRLs^[⁸^,²³^,²⁸^–⁴³^] compared with other crystalline Raman lasers^[³³^,⁴⁴^–⁵³^] and Raman fiber lasers^[⁵⁴^–⁶¹^].

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Schematic of the laser system consisting of a pumping Nd:YAP laser and DRL[66" target="_self" style="display: inline;">66].

Fig. 2. Schematic of the laser system consisting of a pumping Nd:YAP laser and DRL^[⁶⁶^].

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Fig. 3. Schematic of the external cavity Raman laser^[⁶⁷^].

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Fig. 4. Schema of the external cavity DRL^[³¹.

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Fig. 5. Layout of the external cavity DRL pumped with a Nd:YAG pulsed laser^[⁴⁰^].

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Fig. 6. Experimental setup of the tunable (a) first-order and (b) second-order Stokes DRL operating in SLM^[⁷⁰^].

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Fig. 7. Spot distribution of pump and Stokes beams in DRLs^[³⁷^,⁸³^,⁸⁴^]: (a) pump spot distribution; (b) corresponding Stokes spot distribution.

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Fig. 8. Schematic of a cascaded DRL pumped by a 1.06 μm laser^[²⁰^].

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Fig. 9. Different wave bands of DRLs and the related output spectra^[⁷^,⁹⁰^–⁹²^]: (a) 573 nm and 620 nm laser output from 532 nm pump beam; (b) 275.7 nm laser output from 266 nm pump beam; (c) 3.38–3.8 μm laser output from 2.33–2.52 μm pump beam; (d) ∼2.53 μm laser output from 1.89 μm pump beam.

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Fig. 10. High-power DRL pumped by Nd:YAG pulsed laser^[¹⁰⁷^]: (a) experimental setup of the DRL and output beam characteristics; (b) thermal lens strength as a function of Stokes output power.

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	Transmission	Raman	Raman	Raman	Thermal	Thermal

	range	shift	linewidth	gain coefficient	conductivity	expansion
Material	(μm)	(cm⁻¹)	(cm⁻¹)	@1064 nm (cm/GW)	(W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹)	(×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)	Ref.

Diamond	> 0.23	1332.3	1.5	10–12	2200	1.1	[7–9]
Silicon	> 1.1	521	1.24	2.33	156	2.62	[10–12]
Ba(NO₃)₂	0.35–1.8	1047.3	0.4	11	1.17	—	[13–15]
YVO₄	0.4–5	890	3.0	4.5	5.2	4.43	[16–18]
LilO₃	0.38–5.5	770, 822	5.0	4.8	4	28, 48	[10,19,20]
KGd(WO₄)₂	0.35–5.5	768, 901	7.8, 5.9	3.3	2.6 ^a, 3.8 ^b, 3.4 ^c	4.0 ^a, 1.6 ^b, 8.5 ^c	[10,21,22]

Table 1. Comparison of parameters between diamond and several commonly used Raman gain materials.

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Operating	Pump	Repetition	Pump	Central	Output	Stokes

mode	power (W)	frequency (Hz)	M²	wavelength (μm)	power (W)	M²	Ref.	Year

Pulse	3.2	5000	<1.5	1.485	1.63	<1.1	[69]	2011
CW	32	-	1.17	1.24	7.5	<1.1	[82]	2011
CW	32	-	1. 7	1.24	10.1	1.16	[31]	2012
Quasi-CW	50	35000	3−4	1.485	16.2	1.17	[37]	2014
Quasi-CW	322	40	<1.5	1.24	108	<1.1	[42]	2014
Quasi-CW	453	40	7.3	1.24	180	1.1	[83]	2018
Quasi-CW	823	40	6.4	1.49	302	1.1	[84]	2018
Quasi-CW	204	40	1.5	0.62	30	1.1	[85]	2018
Quasi-CW	2300	40	15	1.24	1230	2.95–1.25	[40]	2019