Based on PFWc and AreaMTF metrics, which are objective and quantitative metrics of optical quality of human eyes, the influence of wavefront aberration of single Zernike modes on optical quality is investigated with the WRMS wavefront aberration of 0.05～1.00 μm. The results show that when a fixed amount of WRMS aberration is loaded into single Zernike modes, the optical quality of the central region of the pupil varies with the Zernike modes. The value of MPFWc of defocus (C4) and spherical aberation (C12) is minimum, but that of pentafoil (C15 and C20) is maximum. The value of area MTF of pentafoil is more than 0.94 in the case of WRMS wavefront aberration within the range of 0.05～1.00 μm, so its influence on optical quality can be ignored. Furthermore, the value of PFWc, as well as Marea MTF, decreases with rise of WRMS, but nonlinearly, and their decreased slopes become smaller as the WRMS value increases. Moreover, the influences of wavefront aberration of single Zernike modes on optical quality of human eyes are of great difference, the effect sequence of which is followed from the maxium to the miniumum by sphere, defocus, astigmatism, coma, trefoil, tetrafoil and pentafoil.