In recent years, as a novel strategy based on the excitation mechanism of photon-matter interaction, laser-controlled optimization of noble metal nanocomposite configuration can not only effectively construct multifunctional nanomaterials with clean surface, but also obtain metastable phase composite configuration which is difficult to achieve by conventional synthesis methods. Therefore, it has significant advantages in many frontier applications. In a simple liquid phase environment, this strategy mainly generates high-temperature and high-pressure metal plasma by focusing a high-power pulsed laser beam to ablate target materials, and then instantaneously cools and nucleates under the thermodynamic non-equilibrium state, thereby constructing various unique nanostructures. In addition, making full use of the high photon energy of the short wavelength laser beam, this strategy can also excite the substrate material to produce hot electrons, which can be used as a unique reducing agent to realize the reduction of metal ions in the surrounding solution, and finally grows multi-morphology metal nanostructures on the precursor. By adjusting the laser liquid phase irradiation parameters, the surface atom microscopic morphology of the optimized noble metal nanocomposite configuration can be effectively adjusted to make it have excellent light excitation performance, and then it is widely used in surface enhanced Raman scattering, photocatalysis, near infrared strong absorption, and other application areas. In this paper, the controllable synthesis mechanism of the laser-induced liquid-phase strategy is summarized based on laser-induced optimization of metal matrix nanocomposites, and the potential applications and future development trend of laser-controlled optimization of noble metal composite configurations are prospected.