Author Affiliations
1State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Tianjin 300130, China2School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Morphology of M2 HSS powder
Fig. 2. Forming principle diagram
Fig. 3. Metal printing process in laser selective melting
Fig. 4. Cubic specimen formed by SLM and size of tensile specimen. (a) Cubic specimen; (b) tensile specimen
Fig. 5. Effect of substrate materials on Rockwell hardness and tensile strength of M2 HSS formed by SLM
Fig. 6. Simulation results of residual stress of M2 HSS formed by SLM with different substrate materials
Fig. 7. Comparison of microstructure of M2 HSS formed by SLM with different substrate materials. (a) Stainless steel substrate; (b) high-speed steel substrate
Fig. 8. Effect of powder feeding speed on Rockwell hardness and tensile strength of M2 HSS formed by SLM
Fig. 9. Comparison of microstructure of M2 HSS formed by SLM at different powder feeding speeds. (a) 150 mm/s; (b) 20 mm/s
Fig. 10. Microstructure of M2 HSS under different magnifications. (a) Rotation angle between layers is 90°; (b) network structure; (c) a large number of columnar crystals; (d) (e) spheroidization and micro-porosity; (f) micro-cracks
Fig. 11. XRD patterns of M2 HSS samples by selective laser melting
Element | W | Mo | Cr | V | C | Si | Mn | Fe |
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Mass fraction /% | 5.53 | 4.51 | 3.86 | 1.83 | 0.827 | 0.38 | 0.27 | Bal. |
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Table 1. Chemical composition of M2 HSS (W6Mo5Cr4V2) powder
No. | Laser power P /W | Scanning speed v /(mm·s-1) | Scanning distance h /mm | Substrate temperature T /℃ | Powder feeding speed v /(mm·s-1) | Substrate materials |
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1 | 200 | 960 | 0.06 | 200 | 150 | Stainless steel | 2 | 220 | 870 | 0.08 | 200 | 150 | Stainless steel | 3 | 200 | 960 | 0.06 | 200 | 150 | High-speed steel | 4 | 220 | 870 | 0.08 | 200 | 150 | High-speed steel | 5 | 200 | 960 | 0.06 | 200 | 20 | High-speed steel | 6 | 220 | 870 | 0.08 | 200 | 20 | High-speed steel |
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Table 2. Single factor experimental design of M2 HSS formed by SLM
Thermal physical properties | M2 high-speed steel | 316L stainless steel |
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Heat resistance /℃ | 500-600 | 300-400 | Thermal expansion coefficient /℃-1 | 11×10-6 | 17.3×10-6 | Thermal conductivity /(W·m-1·K-1) | 19.0 | 16.2 |
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Table 3. Thermal physical properties of high-speed steel and stainless steel