In the concentric aperture circle of the unit circle, some special Zernike modes have interrelated relationship. When the modes with strong negative correlation is superposed with a certain coefficient, the aberrations in a certain concentric aperture will cancel each other and the wave surface will become smoother. This phenomenon is called the conjugate property between modes. In this paper, a set of distorted wavefront was set up, and the residual error was corrected by adaptive optical system. Then Zernike polynomials were used to decompose the corrected residual of deformable mirror. Through analysis, it was found for the first time that there was an obvious negative correlation between the lower and higher order aberrations in the residual wavefront with large mean square error. The aberration coefficients of the two parts will change regularly with the adjustment of the control signal of the deformable mirror, and in a certain combination of the coefficients, the two parts of aberrations will show conjugation. Based on the above research results, a control method was proposed. By optimizing the control voltage of the deformable mirror, the shape of the mirror surface can be adjusted so that the low-order and high-order aberration coefficients in the residual error can achieve the best matching. In this way, the root mean square (RMS) of the aberration in the concentric aperture circle of the pupil can be reduced, and the imaging quality of the system within this aperture range can be improved. The point target imaging and extended target imaging were simulated respectively. The results show that compared with the traditional closed-loop conjugate correction method, this method can obtain better optical imaging quality in the face of complex aberrations, and can effectively expand the application range of traditional adaptive optical system. This control method has a good application prospect when the deformable mirror has large fitting residual.