Domestic science-grade CCD camera generally uses USB 2.0 and its transmission speed is low. Thus, transmission distance is relatively short. In this paper, a CCD camera based on gigabit ethernet interface is designed. A NIOS II soft core system is established by using Altera Company′s FPGA (Cyclone II series) as the control system, and a gigabit ethernet transmission system by using the physical layer chip and data link layer chip structure. The transmission speed of the system is up to 700 Mbit/s, and the transmission distance is up to 50 m, so the existing two problems of CCD camera can be overcome.