To meet the advanced technical requirements on X-ray streak camera in the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, a large format X-ray streak tube is designed and fabricated, in which a spherical phosphor screen is used to alleviate the influence of field curvature and also the increase of anode total voltage and deflection sensitivity is used for the improvement of time resolution. The test results show that the effective length of photocathode is 40 mm, the total static spatial resolution amount is 1000 lp, the dynamic spatial resolution is 20 lp/mm, the temporal resolution is 3.3 ps, and the dynamic range is 2281∶1, which can meet the capturing requirement of a large amount of information in the ICF experiments.