• Advanced Photonics Nexus
  • Vol. 2, Issue 3, 036010 (2023)
Shijie Feng1、2、3, Yile Xiao1、2、3, Wei Yin1、2、3, Yan Hu1、2、3, Yixuan Li1、2、3, Chao Zuo1、2、3、*, and Qian Chen1、2、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory, Nanjing, China
  • 2Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense, Nanjing, China
  • 3Smart Computational Imaging Research Institute of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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    DOI: 10.1117/1.APN.2.3.036010 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Shijie Feng, Yile Xiao, Wei Yin, Yan Hu, Yixuan Li, Chao Zuo, Qian Chen. Fringe-pattern analysis with ensemble deep learning[J]. Advanced Photonics Nexus, 2023, 2(3): 036010 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    In recent years, there has been tremendous progress in the development of deep-learning-based approaches for optical metrology, which introduce various deep neural networks (DNNs) for many optical metrology tasks, such as fringe analysis, phase unwrapping, and digital image correlation. However, since different DNN models have their own strengths and limitations, it is difficult for a single DNN to make reliable predictions under all possible scenarios. In this work, we introduce ensemble learning into optical metrology, which combines the predictions of multiple DNNs to significantly enhance the accuracy and reduce the generalization error for the task of fringe-pattern analysis. First, several state-of-the-art base models of different architectures are selected. A K-fold average ensemble strategy is developed to train each base model multiple times with different data and calculate the mean prediction within each base model. Next, an adaptive ensemble strategy is presented to further combine the base models by building an extra DNN to fuse the features extracted from these mean predictions in an adaptive and fully automatic way. Experimental results demonstrate that ensemble learning could attain superior performance over state-of-the-art solutions, including both classic and conventional single-DNN-based methods. Our work suggests that by resorting to collective wisdom, ensemble learning offers a simple and effective solution for overcoming generalization challenges and boosts the performance of data-driven optical metrology methods.

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    Supplementary Materials
    Shijie Feng, Yile Xiao, Wei Yin, Yan Hu, Yixuan Li, Chao Zuo, Qian Chen. Fringe-pattern analysis with ensemble deep learning[J]. Advanced Photonics Nexus, 2023, 2(3): 036010
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