The working conditions of coal mines in our country are complex, and there are potential safety hazards such as gas explosion, fire, equipment failure, and subsequent safety hazards. Optical fiber/laser sensors, with their features of passive, intrinsically safe characteristics, high precision, low drift and other performance, have incomparable advantages in the field of coal mine safety that traditional electronic sensors cannot match. This paper introduces the research progress and application of the laser methane sensors, carbon monoxide sensors, optical fiber Bragg grating wind speed sensor, and fiber distributed temperature sensor in the construction of intelligent mines, for coal mine gas monitoring, intelligent fire provention, safety monitoring, and early warning.