[1] Aggarwal R L et al.Residual infrared absorption in as-grown and annealed crystals of Ti:Al2O2 [J].IEEE.J.Quant.Elect.,1988,24(6):1003
[3] Yamaga M et al.Optical and electron spin resonance spectroscopy of Ti3+ and Ti4+ in Al2O3 [J].J.Appl.Phys.,1994,75(2):1111
[4] Kokta N R.Effects and growth conditions and post-growth thermal treatment on the quality of titanium-doped sapphire.in Tunable Solid-State Lasers II[M].ed.by Budgor A B,Esterowitz L,Deshazer LG.Berlin:SpringVerlag,1986.89
[5] Vanniasinkam J et al.Photopyroelectric deconvolut ion of bulk and surface optical-absorption and nonradiativeenergy conversion efficiency spectra in Ti:Al2O3 crystals [J].J.Appl.Phys.,1994,75(12):8090
[7] Volynets F K,Sidora Y A et al.J.Appl.Spectr.,1972,17:1088
[8] Eigenmann K,Gunthard H H.Hydrogen incorporation in doped α-A12O3 by high temperat ure redox reactions [J].Chem.Phys.Lett.,1971,12(1):12
[9] Eigenmann K,Kurtz K et al.Helv.Phys.Acta.,1972.45:452
[10] Moon A R,Phillips M R.Defect clustering in H,Ti:o-A12O3 [J].J.Phys.Chem.Solids.1991,52(9):1087
[12] Mohapatra S K,Kroger F A.Defect structure of α-Al2O3 doped with tit anium [J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc.,1977,60(9-10):381
[13] Phillips D S.Heuer A H et al.Precipitat ion in star sapphire I,Ⅱ and Ⅲ [J].Phil.Mag.A.1980,42(3):385~432
[14] Fahey R E,Strauss A J et al.Growth of laser-quality Ti:Al2O3 crystals by a seeded gradient-freeze technique.in Tunable Solid-State Lasers II [M].ed.by Budgor A B,Esterowitz L,Deshazerl,G.Berlin:Spring-Verlag.1986.82
[15] Aggarwal R L,Sanchez A et al.Magnetic and optical measurements on Ti:Al2O3 crystals for laser applieations:concentration and absorption cross-section of Ti3+ ions [J].Appl.Phys.Lett.,1986,48:1345
[16] Catlow C R A,James R et al.Defect energetics in o-Al2O3 and rutile TiO2 [J].Phy.s.Rev.B.1982 25(2):1006
[17] Grimes R W.Solution of MgO,CaO,and TiO2 in α-A12O3 [J].J.Am.Ceram.Soc..1994.77(2):378
[18] Lagerlof K P D,Mit chell T E et al.J.Am.Ceram.Soc.,1989,72 (11):2159
[19] Phillips D S,Heuer A H et al.Precipitation in star sapphire Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ [J].Phil.Mag.A.1980.42(3):385~432
[20] Moon A R,Phillips M R.Titania precipitation in sapphire containing iron and titanium [J].Phys.Chem.Minerals.1991,18:2.51
[21] Bursill L A,Blanchin M G.Interphase struetures observed as alumina precipitates in rutile [J].Phil May.A.1989.60(5):631
[22] Low W et al.Electron spin resonance of magnetic ions in complex oxides.in Solid State Physics [C].vol.17,edited by Frederick Seitz and David Turnbull.London:Academic Press Inc.,1965.155
[24] Okaya A.ESR spectra of OH,Ti3+ ions and color centers in rutile as revealed by a high sensitivity dielectric resonance spectrometer.in Proc.lst intern.Conf.Paramagnetic Resonance [C].London:Academic Press Inc.,1963.687
[25] Rakina L G,Zaritski I M et al.Soviet Phys.Solid State.1990,31:1112