In order to solve the problem that the key generation rate is too low when the non-ideal single photon source is used in the traditional quantum key distribution protocol, the light source is optimized, an odd coherent light source is used to replace the traditional weak coherent light source, and a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol based on the asymmetric channels of odd coherent sources is proposed. The performances of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocols for symmetric and asymmetric channels with the odd coherent light source are compared. The relationship between the channel loss and the key generation rate and single-side efficiency in the proposed protocol is analyzed. The simulation results show that the introduction of the odd coherent light source makes up the deficiency of the traditional light source and also reduces the number of photons greatly. With the increase of the channel loss, the key generation rate decreases, but the performance of the asymmetric channel is still higher than that of the symmetric channel.