Spatio-temporal analysis of the human footprint in the Hengduan Mountain region: Assessing the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human impacts

Le YIN; Erfu DAI; Du ZHENG; Yahui WANG; Liang MA; Miao TONG

doi:10.1007/s11442-020-1774-z

Journals >Journal of Geographical Sciences >Volume 30 >Issue 7 >Page 1140 > Article

Journal of Geographical Sciences
Vol. 30, Issue 7, 1140 (2020)

Spatio-temporal analysis of the human footprint in the Hengduan Mountain region: Assessing the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human impacts

Le YIN^1、3, Erfu DAI^2、3、*, Du ZHENG^1、3, Yahui WANG^2、3, Liang MA^2、3, and Miao TONG^2、3

Author Affiliations

¹Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

²Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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DOI: 10.1007/s11442-020-1774-z Cite this Article

Le YIN, Erfu DAI, Du ZHENG, Yahui WANG, Liang MA, Miao TONG. Spatio-temporal analysis of the human footprint in the Hengduan Mountain region: Assessing the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human impacts[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(7): 1140 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Location of the Hengduan Mountain region

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Fig. 2. The conceptual model to assess the effectiveness of nature reserves in the Hengduan Mountain region

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Fig. 3. Human footprint (HF) in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015 (a); HF changing trends between 1990 and 2015 (b) in the Hengduan Mountain region

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Fig. 4. Changes in the human footprint (HF) in the Hengduan Mountain region from 1990 to 2015

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Fig. 5. Changes in the human footprint (HF) in various nature reserves of the Hengduan Mountain region during 1990-2015

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Fig. 6. Changes in human pressure in the Hengduan Mountain region from 1990 to 2015

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Fig. 7. The variation of the main human influences within nature reserves of the Hengduan Mountain region

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Dataset type	Dataset name	Dataset format	Resolution	Timing	Year	Source
Land transformation	Land use	shp/tif	1 km	Dynamic	1990/2000/2010/2015	Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RESDC) (http://www.resdc.cn)
Population density	Population density	tif	1 km	Dynamic	1990/2000/2010/2015	Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn)
Grazing density	Number of cattle and sheep	xls	-	Dynamic	1990/2000/2010/2015	Statistical Yearbook(http://data.cnki.net/yearbook)
Human access	Roads and railways	shp	1 km	Dynamic	2000/2009/2016	Geographic Data Sharing Infrastructure, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University (http://geodata.pku.edu.cn)
Electrical power infrastructure	Nighttimelights	tif	1 km	Dynamic	1992/2000/2010/2013	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(https://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/download.html)

Table 1.

Datasets collected to map the human footprint (HF)

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Type	0-1 km	1-4 km	4-7 km	7-10 km	10-15 km
Expressway	10	8	6	4	2
National-level highway	10	8	5	3	1
Provincial-level highway	8	6	4	2	0
County-level highway	6	4	2	1	0
Rural-level highway	4	2	1	0	0
Railway	10	9	7	5	2

Table 2.

Human access scores for roads

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Code	Name	Area (km²)	HF		Code	Name	Area (km²)	HF
Code	Name	Area (km²)	1990	2015	Code	Name	Area (km²)	1990	2015
1	Baimaxueshan	2795.68	5.88	6.23	14	Yading	1463.78	6.66	7.02
2	Cangshanerhai	819.32	10.50	14.06	15	Mangkang Yunnan Golden Monkey	1891.43	9.42	11.04
3	Gaoligongshan	3243.30	3.31	3.91	16	Ailaoshan	174.85	11.21	12.49
4	Sanjiangyuan	2029.31	10.51	10.54	17	Wuliangshan	77.94	10.81	12.94
5	Chaqingsongduo	1428.81	6.22	5.32	18	Yaoshan	203.83	13.57	14.67
6	Fengtongzhai	308.74	8.65	8.67	19	Gexigou	516.57	10.08	10.07
7	Gonggashan	4040.64	4.23	4.15	20	Heizhugou	290.76	8.01	6.22
8	Haizishan	4575.20	7.24	5.75	21	Jiaozishan	161.87	6.48	8.15
9	Jiuzhaigou	652.46	4.07	4.07	22	Yunlongtianchi	141.88	7.61	9.68
10	Meigu Dafengding	495.59	10.15	12.78	23	Huize Black-necked Crane	131.89	15.44	23.35
11	Panzhihua Cycad	13.99	17.64	28.21	24	Liziping	477.60	8.11	9.46
12	Siguniangshan	569.53	7.15	7.28	All nature reserves		28988.52	6.75	6.87
13	Wolong	2075.28	6.46	5.87	Hengduan Mountain region		450000.00	10.59	11.78