A full duplex visible light communication system based on single light source is designed, which realizes the functions of both visible light illumination and communication. The cat eye reverse modulator is used to perform remodulation on the downlink optical signal, and the uplink information is modulated onto the downlink optical signal and reflected back. The experimental result shows that the system with single light source can realize full duplex visible light communication and make the communications between the uplink and the downlink independent, and the communication effect is good.