The remote sensing application of Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy (SHS) in carbon dioxide detection is introduced. Firstly, important indexes for precision carbon dioxide detection are analyzed, such as spectral bands, resolution and SNR. And then, the spatial heterodyne spectrometer’s components indexes are calculated. Aerial experiments over farmland, industrial area, sand beach, are carried out by Y-12 plane and fine absorption spectrum is obtained after data processing. Finally, primary retrieval result shows that SHS meet the greenhouse gas detection sensitivity such as carbon dioxide.