• Journal of Semiconductors
  • Vol. 41, Issue 9, 091701 (2020)
Yanhong Liu1, Fenghua Li1, Hui Huang2, Baodong Mao1, Yang Liu2, and Zhenhui Kang2
Author Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Green Chemistry & Chemical Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
  • 2Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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    DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/41/9/091701 Cite this Article
    Yanhong Liu, Fenghua Li, Hui Huang, Baodong Mao, Yang Liu, Zhenhui Kang. Optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties of I–III–VI QDs: Bridging between traditional and emerging new QDs[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2020, 41(9): 091701 Copy Citation Text show less
    (Color online) Schematic illustration for the bridging role of I–III–VI QDs between traditional II–VI QDs and emerging new carbon dots.
    Fig. 1. (Color online) Schematic illustration for the bridging role of I–III–VI QDs between traditional II–VI QDs and emerging new carbon dots.
    (Color online) Schematic synthetic processes of I–III–VI QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [14].
    Fig. 2. (Color online) Schematic synthetic processes of I–III–VI QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [14].
    (Color online) Schematic alloying and selective cation exchange process of quaternary AgInS2–ZnS QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [60].
    Fig. 3. (Color online) Schematic alloying and selective cation exchange process of quaternary AgInS2–ZnS QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [60].
    (Color online) (a) Theoretical calculated[25] and (b) experimental results[14] of the size-dependent optical band gap of chalcopyrite I–III–VI semiconductor QDs. The band gaps in panel (a) were calculated based on QDs with sizes of 2 to 5 nm. Reprinted from Refs. [14, 25].
    Fig. 4. (Color online) (a) Theoretical calculated[25] and (b) experimental results[14] of the size-dependent optical band gap of chalcopyrite I–III–VI semiconductor QDs. The band gaps in panel (a) were calculated based on QDs with sizes of 2 to 5 nm. Reprinted from Refs. [14, 25].
    (Color online) Schematic defect states[66] and charge carrier recombination pathways[67] of DAPs. Reprinted from Refs. [66, 67].
    Fig. 5. (Color online) Schematic defect states[66] and charge carrier recombination pathways[67] of DAPs. Reprinted from Refs. [66, 67].
    (Color online) Size- and composition-dependent photocatalytic properties of ZAIS QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [85].
    Fig. 6. (Color online) Size- and composition-dependent photocatalytic properties of ZAIS QDs. Reprinted from Ref. [85].
    II–VI QDsI–III–VI QDsCarbon dots
    StructureQuasi-spherical[121] or faceted nanocrystalline core[122]Quasi-spherical[123] or faceted nanocrystalline core[124]Crystalline (graphitic)[125] or amorphous carbon core (often with irregular shape)[126]
    Capping ligands[127]Capping ligands[8]Surface functional groups[128]
    Stoichiometric compositionNonstoichiometric composition[14]Nonstoichiometric carbon core and surface[129]
    Mainly surface defects[130]Abundant inner (intrinsic)/surface defects[131]Multi energy levels and abundant inner/surface defects[132, 133]
    SynthesisOrganometallic hot-injection method[134]Organometallic hot-injection method[135, 136]Both up-side-down[137] and bottom-up methods[138]
    Ionic reactions[139]Ionic reactions[56]Radical reactions[140]
    Precise size and shape control[141]Challenging: balance of cation reactivity[142]Challenging: difficult to control; prefer organic synthetic methods
    Relatively mature doping[143] and heterojunction[144] construction; Competition of core/shell[145] vs. interfacial alloying[146]; Doping[147] and heterojunction[148] construction: lots of study but very difficult for precise control[149]
    Profound understanding of growth kinetics and synthetic chemistryDifficult to obtain clear heterojuntionsGrowth kinetics and synthetic chemistry: complicated reaction intermediates and byproducts[150]
    Optical propertiesNarrow PL peak[151], high PL QYs, small stokes shift, short lifetime (for band edge emission)[152]New: large stokes shift, wide PL peak, long lifetime[152, 153]New: excitation-dependent emission, wide PL peak (multi states), long lifetime (fl & pl), up conversion [154, 155]
    Quantum size effect: clear[156]Quantum size effect[1]: challenging (composition-dependent) Quantum size effect: unclear (unkown core composition & surface groups)
    Extinction coefficient: clearOnly CuInS2[157]No report
    Mechanism: interband recombination & surface defect trap states [158]Mechanism: DAP recombination[159]Mechanism: sp2 domain-induced interband PL, surface molecular emission, AIE, etc.
    Band gap engineering[160] and wavefunction engineering[161]Band gap engineering[162] and wave function engineering[163]: size-, composition and structure dependent[14]Band gap engineering and wavefunction engineering: very challenging[154, 155]
    PhotocatalysisCombined Homogeneous/ heterogeneous photocataly- sis[164, 165]Heavy metal free[166]Contribute on light absorption[119, 167]
    High absorbance[160]; high surface area[168]Continuous band gap tuning via composition[14]Charge separation and cocatalysts[169, 170]
    Type-II heterojunction for efficient charge separation[171, 172]Long lifetime[173]Photogenerated e-/h+, photogenerated protons and photo-controlled electron transfer[23]
    Charge carrier dynamics:100% AQEDelicate manipulation and utilization of intrinsic and surface defects[174]Multi electron donating/accepting[175]
    Table 1. Bridging between traditional II–VI QDs and emerging carbon dots by I–III–VI QDs.
    Yanhong Liu, Fenghua Li, Hui Huang, Baodong Mao, Yang Liu, Zhenhui Kang. Optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties of I–III–VI QDs: Bridging between traditional and emerging new QDs[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2020, 41(9): 091701
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