Roadmap for single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Yang Yu; Ting-Hui Xiao; Yunzhao Wu; Wanjun Li; Qing-Guang Zeng; Li Long; Zhi-Yuan Li

doi:10.1117/1.AP.2.1.014002

Journals >Advanced Photonics >Volume 2 >Issue 1 >Page 014002 > Article

Advanced Photonics
Vol. 2, Issue 1, 014002 (2020)

Roadmap for single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Yang Yu^1、†, Ting-Hui Xiao^2、*, Yunzhao Wu², Wanjun Li¹, Qing-Guang Zeng¹, Li Long³, and Zhi-Yuan Li^3、*

Author Affiliations

¹Wuyi University, School of Applied Physics and Materials, Jiangmen, China

²University of Tokyo, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan

³South China University of Technology, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, China

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DOI: 10.1117/1.AP.2.1.014002 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yang Yu, Ting-Hui Xiao, Yunzhao Wu, Wanjun Li, Qing-Guang Zeng, Li Long, Zhi-Yuan Li. Roadmap for single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy[J]. Advanced Photonics, 2020, 2(1): 014002 Copy Citation Text

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Abstract

In the near future, single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is expected to expand the family of popular analytical tools for single-molecule characterization. We provide a roadmap for achieving single molecule SERS through different enhancement strategies for diverse applications. We introduce some characteristic features related to single-molecule SERS, such as Raman enhancement factor, intensity fluctuation, and data analysis. We then review recent strategies for enhancing the Raman signal intensities of single molecules, including electromagnetic enhancement, chemical enhancement, and resonance enhancement strategies. To demonstrate the utility of single-molecule SERS in practical applications, we present several examples of its use in various fields, including catalysis, imaging, and nanoelectronics. Finally, we specify current challenges in the development of single-molecule SERS and propose corresponding solutions.

Keywords

plasmonics single-molecule SERS surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

G (r_{0}) = {| E (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} / {| E_{0} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4},

(1)

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I (ω_{R}) = A G (r_{0}) {| α (ω_{R}, ω) |}^{2} I_{0} (r_{0}, ω) = A I_{0} (r_{0}, ω) {| α (ω_{R}, ω) |}^{2} \times {| E (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} / {| E_{0} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4},

(2)

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I_{R} \propto I_{L} {| α_{σ ρ} |}^{2} .

(3)

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α_{σ ρ} = A + B + C,

(4)

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A = \sum_{K \neq I} \sum_{k} [\frac{M_{KI}^{σ} (Q_{0}) M_{KI}^{ρ} (Q_{0})}{ℏ (ω_{KI} - ω)} + \frac{M_{KI}^{ρ} (Q_{0}) M_{KI}^{σ} (Q_{0})}{ℏ (ω_{KI} + ω)}] ⟨ i | k ⟩ ⟨ k | f ⟩,

(5)

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B = - (2 / ℏ^{2}) \sum_{K \neq I} \sum_{M < K} [M_{KI}^{σ} M_{MI}^{ρ} + M_{KI}^{ρ} M_{MI}^{σ}] \frac{(ω_{KI} ω_{MI} + ω^{2}) h_{KM} ⟨ i | Q | f ⟩}{(ω_{KI}^{2} - ω^{2}) (ω_{MI}^{2} - ω^{2})},

(6)

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C = - (2 / ℏ^{2}) \sum_{K \neq I} \sum_{M > I} [M_{MK}^{σ} M_{KI}^{ρ} + M_{MK}^{ρ} M_{KI}^{σ}] \frac{(ω_{KI} ω_{KM} + ω^{2}) h_{IM} ⟨ i | Q | f ⟩}{(ω_{K I}^{2} - ω^{2}) (ω_{KM}^{2} - ω^{2})} .

(7)

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E_{N, E} (r_{0}, ω) = g (r_{0}, ω) \cdot E (r_{0}, ω),

(8)

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G_{S} (r_{0}) = {| E_{N . E} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} / {| E_{0} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} = g^{4} (r_{0}, ω) {| E (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} / {| E_{0} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} .

(9)

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I (ω_{R}) = A G_{S} (r_{0}) {| α (ω_{R}, ω) |}^{2} I_{0} (r_{0}, ω) = A I_{0} (r_{0}, ω) {| α (ω_{R}, ω) |}^{2} \times g^{4} (r_{0}, ω) \times {| E (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} / {| E_{0} (r_{0}, ω) |}^{4} .

(10)

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Yang Yu, Ting-Hui Xiao, Yunzhao Wu, Wanjun Li, Qing-Guang Zeng, Li Long, Zhi-Yuan Li. Roadmap for single-molecule surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy[J]. Advanced Photonics, 2020, 2(1): 014002

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