The purpose of this study is to establish a classification method of rubber soles. An X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used with the settings as follows: voltage 45 kV, current 40 μA, power 1.8 kW, and detection time 60 s. Forty samples of different types and brands of rubber soles were tested. Taking the type of shoes as the explained variable, a multiple linear regression model was established to calculate the score rating. Simultaneously, according to the standardized partial correlation coefficient, the characteristic elements can be screened out. Based on the above results, rubber soles can be classified according to the element content, providing clues and direction for the investigation work.