Aerial camera causes image rotation problem in the process of rotating scanning reflector imaging, which leads to image blur and degradation of image quality, so image rotation compensation system is essential for aerial camera. At present, the distinguishing image blur by human eyes and synchronization control accuracy by electrical machine are used to evaluate compensation performance of image rotation, but the image quality could not be evaluated objectively and accurately. In order to establish the direct relationship between imaging quality of aerial camera and other index of rotating compensation system, the dynamic modulation transfer function (MTF) based on polar coordinate is proposed. A new method combined with the slanted-edge method and blur path method is proposed to measure the dynamic MTF of rotation image motion of the aerial camera. The rotating dynamic imaging experiments are designed with sector target, and the image dynamic MTF calculated values are obtained using the rotating dynamic MTF and slanted-edge method. The image dynamic measured MTF values are obtained based on image fuzzy path. Experimental results show that, when rotate table with variable angular velocities from 20 (°)/s to 300 (°)/s, the spatial frequency is less than first zero frequency of rotating dynamic MTF, and the two dynamic MTF curves are approximately coincide. Thus the correctness of the rotating dynamic MTF is demonstrated. When the spatial frequency is less than 0.7 of zero frequency, the maximum values and mean values of dynamic MTF relative errors are less than 6%, 2% respectively, thus the accuracy of the measurement method is proved.