• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 13, Issue 2, 417 (2025)
Yingjie Lu1, Haotian Wang1,*, Jun Guo1,2, Yaohui Xu1..., Yuanchen Hu1, Wujun Li1, Jianing Zhang1, Jie Ma1 and Deyuan Shen1|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • 2e-mail: guojun@jsnu.edu.cn
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.534627 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Yingjie Lu, Haotian Wang, Jun Guo, Yaohui Xu, Yuanchen Hu, Wujun Li, Jianing Zhang, Jie Ma, Deyuan Shen, "Modulation-free laser frequency locking using Fano resonance in a crystalline whispering-gallery-mode cavity," Photonics Res. 13, 417 (2025) Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    A low-thermal-noise, small-sized, monolithic crystalline whispering-gallery-mode cavity can achieve a compact laser frequency locking system. In this study, we propose generating a Fano resonance spectrum within the crystalline cavity to achieve frequency locking without the need for traditional modulation techniques, aiming to further simplify the locking system. By coupling a prism with the crystalline cavity, we generate a Fano transmission spectrum to serve as the error signal for laser frequency locking. Experimental results show that our method achieves a level of noise suppression comparable to the classical Pound-Drever-Hall technique, reducing laser frequency noise to near the thermal noise limit of the crystalline cavity. It enables us to suppress the laser frequency noise to below 1Hz2/Hz in the offset frequency range of 103105Hz and achieve a minimum noise of 0.2Hz2/Hz. We also analyzed various unique optical noises in the Fano locking technique and found that the primary factor limiting laser frequency noise in this work is still the inherent thermal noise of the crystalline cavity. Our results indicate that the proposed Fano locking technique has significant potential to simplify laser locking systems, enhance stability, and reduce overall power consumption and cost.
    I=|EA|2+|Γ|2|EB|2+2|EA||Γ||EB|cosΔφ.

    View in Article

    Γ(ω)=raeiϕ(ω)1r·aeiϕ(ω),

    View in Article

    IN=R2+|Γ(ω)|2+2R|Γ(ω)|cos(Δϕpath2πωN)1+R2.

    View in Article

    ε={R2+|Γ(ω)|2+2R|Γ(ω)|cos[ΔϕpathϕΓ(ω)]}KP01+R2.(A1)

    View in Article

    δε={2R|Γ(ω0)|sin[ΔϕpathϕΓ(ω)]}KP01+R2·δ(Δϕpath).(B1)

    View in Article

    δε=[2R|Γ(ω0)|·KP01+R2]·δ(Δϕpath).(B2)

    View in Article

    SδεΔϕpath(f)=[2R|Γ(ω0)|·KP01+R2]2·Sδ(Δϕpath)(f),(B3)

    View in Article

    SδΔϕ(f)=4πLλ2kBT2κΔn2(1ndndT+αL)2F(f).(B4)

    View in Article

    δε=[R2+|Γ(ω0)|2+2R|Γ(ω0)|]·K1+R2·δP.(C1)

    View in Article

    SδεP=[R2+|Γ(ω0)|2+2R|Γ(ω0)|]·(K1+R2)2·SδP(f),(C2)

    View in Article

    SδεP=[R2+|Γ(ω0)|2+2R|Γ(ω0)|]2·(KP01+R2)2·RIN.(C3)

    View in Article

    Sν(f)=SδεΔφpath(f)+SδP(f)(KP0KD)2=[2R|Γ(ω0)|(1+R2)KD]2·SδΔφpath(f)+[R2+|Γ(ω0)|2+2R|Γ(ω0)|KD(1+R2)]·RIN.(D1)

    View in Article

    Sν(f)=ν02κBαl2T2ρCVc2r2/π2D1+(2fr2/Dπ)2.(F1)

    View in Article

    Sν(f)=ν02kBαn2T2ρCVmr212D[1+(2πr2|f|93D)32+16(πr2f4Dm1/3)2]1.(F2)

    View in Article

    Yingjie Lu, Haotian Wang, Jun Guo, Yaohui Xu, Yuanchen Hu, Wujun Li, Jianing Zhang, Jie Ma, Deyuan Shen, "Modulation-free laser frequency locking using Fano resonance in a crystalline whispering-gallery-mode cavity," Photonics Res. 13, 417 (2025)
    Download Citation