To measure artificial seismic wave with high accuracy in remote distance, the theory and methods of coherence of light resource, stability of system, intensity and signal to noise ratio (SNR) of laser Doppler signal, and sensitivity and accuracy of displacement measurement are investigated. Two optical stops (whose diameter is 1.8 mm) inserted into the resonant cavity and collimating structure of light output (4×) are adopted to increase coherent length and measurable distance. Acousto-optical modulation device and 1/4 wave plate are inserted respectively into two light paths to implement the matching of polarization, to make the system more stable and the SNR higher. The lens focusing is adopted to increase signal intensity. Trent reverse reflection device is adopted to offset the effect caused by beat and cross sliding during displacement or vibration and to enhance measurement sensitivity and accuracy nearly one time. Through the principle experiment of vibration in 2 m distance by using above system, the measurement relative error of amplitudeis of 0.1% and the measurable frequency up to 750 Hz are obtained. So the system can be applied to remote measurement of artificial seismic wave in high altitude.