A calibration method is proposed based on the error analysis of the three links prism simultaneous polarization measurement system. The polarization direction of polarizers is determined by the curve fitting method, which makes the error of the polarization direction for each polarizer less than 0.5 degree. The inconsistency of intensity responses of three channels is solved by establishing and index table of intensity response of different exposure time and aperture. Additionally, we apply Harris corner detector to compute pixel offset and the effective pixel range in the three channels of polarization image. Experimental results show that after the calibration, the measurement error of degree of polarization is less than 5%, and the measurement error of angle of polarization is less than 3％.