Microstructure and Properties of Rotating Laser Welded‑Brazed Aluminum/Nickel‑Plated Steel Dissimilar Joint

Yonghong Liu; Chuang Cai; Jia Xie; Bingbing Zhang; Jie Yu; Jiasen Huang

doi:10.3788/CJL231051

Journals >Chinese Journal of Lasers >Volume 51 >Issue 12 >Page 1202105 > Article

Chinese Journal of Lasers
Vol. 51, Issue 12, 1202105 (2024)

Microstructure and Properties of Rotating Laser Welded‑Brazed Aluminum/Nickel‑Plated Steel Dissimilar Joint

Yonghong Liu, Chuang Cai^*, Jia Xie, Bingbing Zhang, Jie Yu, and Jiasen Huang

Author Affiliations

Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China

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DOI: 10.3788/CJL231051 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yonghong Liu, Chuang Cai, Jia Xie, Bingbing Zhang, Jie Yu, Jiasen Huang. Microstructure and Properties of Rotating Laser Welded‑Brazed Aluminum/Nickel‑Plated Steel Dissimilar Joint[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(12): 1202105 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Ni coating layer on surface of steel

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Fig. 2. Schematic of rotating laser welding-brazing device

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Fig. 3. Joint cross sections and wetting widths. (a) Without rotating laser mode; rotating diameter is (b) 1 mm, (c) 2 mm, (d) 3 mm, (e) 4 mm; rotating frequency is (f) 10 Hz, (g) 50 Hz, (h) 70 Hz, (i) 80 Hz

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Fig. 4. Effects of laser rotating parameters on wetting width. (a) Rotating diameter; (b) rotating frequency

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Fig. 5. SEM images of weld /steel interfacial regions under different rotating diameters. (a) 0 mm; (b) 2 mm; (c) 4 mm

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Fig. 6. SEM images of weld/steel interfacial regions under different rotating frequencies. (a) 10 Hz; (b) 30 Hz; (c) 50 Hz

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Fig. 7. Line loads of joints under different rotating parameters. (a) Rotating diameter; (b) rotating frequency

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$Schematics of two fracture modes. (a) Fracture at interface; (b) fracture at weld$

Fig. 8. Schematics of two fracture modes. (a) Fracture at interface; (b) fracture at weld

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$Fracture morphologies of Al/Fe joints under different welding parameters. (a) Fracture on steel side without rotation; (b) fracture on weld side without rotation; (c) rotating frequency of 30 Hz, and rotating diameter of 2 mm; (d) rotating frequency of 30 Hz, and rotating diameter of 4 mm$

Fig. 9. Fracture morphologies of Al/Fe joints under different welding parameters. (a) Fracture on steel side without rotation; (b) fracture on weld side without rotation; (c) rotating frequency of 30 Hz, and rotating diameter of 2 mm; (d) rotating frequency of 30 Hz, and rotating diameter of 4 mm

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Material	Mass fraction /%
Material	Si	Fe	Cu	Mg	Mn	Cr	Ti	Al	C	P	Ni	Mo	Zn
6061-T6	0.644	0.297	0.263	0.944	0.037	0.168	0.033	Bal.	‒	‒	‒	‒	‒
304	0.584	Bal.	‒	‒	1.103	17.970	‒	‒	0.031	0.030	8.218	0.039	‒
AlSi12	12.00	0.80	0.30	0.10	0.15	‒	0.15	Bal.	‒	‒	‒	‒	0.20

Table 1. Chemical compositions of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, 304 stainless steel, and AlSi12 filler wire

No.	P /W	V_h / （mm/s）	V_s / （mm/s）	d /mm	f /Hz
1	2800	10	33	0	0
2	2800	10	33	1	30
3	2800	10	33	2	30
4	2800	10	33	3	30
5	2800	10	33	4	30
6	2800	10	33	2	10
7	2800	10	33	2	50
8	2800	10	33	2	70
9	2800	10	33	2	80

Table 2. Process parameters of rotating laser welding-brazing

No.	Atomic fraction /%					Possible phase	Thickness /μm
No.	Al	Si	Fe	Ni	Cr	Possible phase	Thickness /μm
1	61.91	8.70	20.67	1.37	7.34	θ-（Fe，Ni）（Al，Si）₃	8.45
2	72.19	10.29	12.36	0.16	4.99	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si	‒
3	72.12	10.58	11.16	1.55	4.59	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si	2.21
4	72.08	10.20	12.49	0.55	4.67	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si	3.24
5	72.03	8.90	13.44	0.32	5.32	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si	‒
6	61.78	7.78	21.68	1.50	7.26	θ-（Fe，Ni）（Al，Si）₃	6.48
7	71.08	9.94	12.64	0.45	5.89	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si	1.53

Table 3. EDS results of marked zones in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6

Region	Atomic fraction /%					Possible phase
Region	Al	Si	Fe	Ni	Cr	Possible phase
EDS 1	66.61	8.34	17.35	1.35	5.99	θ-（Fe，Ni）（Al，Si）₃
EDS 2	70.41	10.01	13.18	0.75	5.65	τ₅-（Fe，Ni）_1.8Al_7.2Si
EDS 3	86.58	9.89	0.54	2.72	0.26	α-Al and Al-Si eutectic
EDS 4	89.37	8.90	0.73	1.0	0.01	α-Al and Al-Si eutectic

Table 4. EDS results of regions shown in Fig. 9

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