Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy in vitro

Yu Lin; Minqiu Liu; Deqin Ouyang; Kefeng Xiao; Yewang Chen; Qitao Lü; Shuangchen Ruan

doi:10.3788/CJL202249.0101015

Journals >Chinese Journal of Lasers >Volume 49 >Issue 1 >Page 0101015 > Article

Chinese Journal of Lasers
Vol. 49, Issue 1, 0101015 (2022)

Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy in vitro

Yu Lin^1、2, Minqiu Liu¹, Deqin Ouyang^1、2、*, Kefeng Xiao³, Yewang Chen^1、2, Qitao Lü^1、2, and Shuangchen Ruan^1、2

Author Affiliations

¹Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Precision Manufacturing Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China

²Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China

³Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China

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DOI: 10.3788/CJL202249.0101015 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yu Lin, Minqiu Liu, Deqin Ouyang, Kefeng Xiao, Yewang Chen, Qitao Lü, Shuangchen Ruan. Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy in vitro[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(1): 0101015 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Experimental setup of TFL

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Output spectrum and power characteristics of TFL. (a) Spectrum of TFL; (b) output power characteristics under different pulse widths and pulse repetition rates

Fig. 2. Output spectrum and power characteristics of TFL. (a) Spectrum of TFL; (b) output power characteristics under different pulse widths and pulse repetition rates

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Fig. 3. Temporal characteristics of modulated pulses under different combinations of pulse width and repetition rate, inserts are the corresponding pulse trains. (a) 250 μs/200 Hz; (b) 500 μs/100 Hz; (c) 1000 μs/50 Hz; (d) 2000 μs/25 Hz

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Fig. 4. Simulated experiment environment of lithotripsy in vitro

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Fig. 5. Ablation changes of calculus under water. (a) Original appearance of calculus; (b) calculus appearance after ablation under water; (c)(d) calculus appearance after ablation in the air

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Fig. 6. Results of TFL ablation in small calculus under different conditions. (a) Original calculus; (b)(c) calculus fragments with parameters of 100 Hz/1000 μs/22 W; (d) calculus fragments with parameters of 100 Hz/500 μs/10 W

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Pulse repetition rate f /Hz	Pulse width τ /μs	Output power P /W
200	250	9.53
400	250	20.29
600	250	31.80
100	500	10.20
200	500	21.52
300	500	33.10
50	1000	10.50
100	1000	21.80
150	1000	33.50
25	2000	10.76
50	2000	22.08
75	2000	34.20

Table 1. Twelve groups of laser parameters

Pulse duration τ /μs	Pulse repetition rate f /Hz	Mass loss in average M /g	Laser power P /W
250	200	0.090	9.53
250	400	0.290	20.29
250	600	0.333	31.80
500	100	0.127	10.20
500	200	0.343	21.52
500	300	0.480	33.10
1000	50	0.273	10.50
1000	100	0.590	21.80
1000	150	0.697	33.50
2000	25	0.280	10.76
2000	50	0.550	22.08
2000	75	0.723	34.20

Table 2. Measured mass loss of massive calcium sulfate with different laser parameters

Laser parameter	Output power P /W	Pulse energy E /J	Temperature
Laser parameter	Output power P /W	Pulse energy E /J	T₁/℃	T₂/℃
600 Hz/250 μs	31.8	0.053	28.1	30.8
300 Hz/500 μs	33.1	0.110	28.2	35.5
150 Hz/1000 μs	33.5	0.220	28.2	38.9
75 Hz/2000 μs	34.2	0.450	27.7	41.2

Table 3. Peak water temperature at the maximum output power

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