• Acta Optica Sinica
  • Vol. 41, Issue 18, 1810002 (2021)
Fei Gao1、*, Bin Yan1, Jian Chen1, Kai Qiao1, Peigang Ning2, and Dapeng Shi2
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Information System Engineering, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
  • 2Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People′s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/AOS202141.1810002 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Fei Gao, Bin Yan, Jian Chen, Kai Qiao, Peigang Ning, Dapeng Shi. Liver Tumor Segmentation Based on Dilated Convolution of Stacked Tree Aggregation Structure[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2021, 41(18): 1810002 Copy Citation Text show less
    Structure of the RDB
    Fig. 1. Structure of the RDB
    Dilated convolution operation of r=2 is performed in sequence. (a) First time; (b) second time; (c) third time
    Fig. 2. Dilated convolution operation of r=2 is performed in sequence. (a) First time; (b) second time; (c) third time
    Segmentation results of the dilated convolution. (a) Original image; (b) ground truth; (c) grid artifact
    Fig. 3. Segmentation results of the dilated convolution. (a) Original image; (b) ground truth; (c) grid artifact
    Dilated convolution operations with different dilated rates in sequence. (a) r=1; (b) r=2; (c) r=3
    Fig. 4. Dilated convolution operations with different dilated rates in sequence. (a) r=1; (b) r=2; (c) r=3
    Structure of the TASD module
    Fig. 5. Structure of the TASD module
    Framework of the segmentation network
    Fig. 6. Framework of the segmentation network
    Manually annotated image data
    Fig. 7. Manually annotated image data
    Result of image enhancement. (a) Original image; (b) flip up and down; (c) flip left and right; (d) clockwise rotate 90°; (e) counterclockwise rotate 90°; (f) random zoom and rotate 1; (g) random zoom and rotate 2; (h) random room and rotate 3
    Fig. 8. Result of image enhancement. (a) Original image; (b) flip up and down; (c) flip left and right; (d) clockwise rotate 90°; (e) counterclockwise rotate 90°; (f) random zoom and rotate 1; (g) random zoom and rotate 2; (h) random room and rotate 3
    Statistics of the tumor size
    Fig. 9. Statistics of the tumor size
    Segmentation results of our algorithm and traditional segmentation algorithm. (a) Original image; (b) region growth; (c) graph cut segmentation; (d) level set segmentation; (e) our algorithm; (g) ground truth
    Fig. 10. Segmentation results of our algorithm and traditional segmentation algorithm. (a) Original image; (b) region growth; (c) graph cut segmentation; (d) level set segmentation; (e) our algorithm; (g) ground truth
    Segmentation results of our algorithm and deep learning segmentation algorithm. (a) Original image; (b) UNet; (c) SegNet; (d) DeepLabv3; (e) FC-DenseNet; (f) our algorithm; (g) ground truth
    Fig. 11. Segmentation results of our algorithm and deep learning segmentation algorithm. (a) Original image; (b) UNet; (c) SegNet; (d) DeepLabv3; (e) FC-DenseNet; (f) our algorithm; (g) ground truth
    Effect of different modules on segmentation performance. (a) Original image; (b) CEL function; (c) remove RDB; (d) remove TASD module; (e) our algorithm; (f) ground truth
    Fig. 12. Effect of different modules on segmentation performance. (a) Original image; (b) CEL function; (c) remove RDB; (d) remove TASD module; (e) our algorithm; (f) ground truth
    AlgorithmDiceIOUPA
    Regional growth0.52220.36030.4623
    Graph cut0.59120.50340.5356
    Level set0.61450.52120.5629
    Ours0.80260.73170.7974
    Table 1. Segmentation results of our algorithm and traditional algorithms
    AlgorithmDiceIOUPANetwork parameters /MRunning speed /s
    UNet[9]0.65620.56210.70277.760.5028
    SegNet[10]0.66220.55280.71021.4250.5926
    DeepLabv3[11]0.69290.59430.73681150.6584
    FC-DenseNet103[12]0.77360.70650.76829.260.7969
    Ours0.80260.73170.79742.210.5638
    Table 2. Segmentation results of our algorithm and deep learning segmentation algorithm
    ModuleDiceIOUPA
    CELFLRDBTASD
    +++0.71250.66130.7234
    ++0.74220.69270.7549
    ++0.73860.68220.7458
    +++0.80260.73170.7974
    Table 3. Effect of different modules on segmentation performance
    Fei Gao, Bin Yan, Jian Chen, Kai Qiao, Peigang Ning, Dapeng Shi. Liver Tumor Segmentation Based on Dilated Convolution of Stacked Tree Aggregation Structure[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2021, 41(18): 1810002
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