It is difficult to extract targets under strong environmental disturbance in practice. Ghost imaging (GI) is an innovative anti-interference imaging technology. In this paper, we propose a scheme for target extraction based on characteristic-enhanced pseudo-thermal GI. Unlike traditional GI which relies on training the detected signals or imaging results, our scheme trains the illuminating light fields using a deep learning network to enhance the target’s characteristic response. The simulation and experimental results prove that our imaging scheme is sufficient to perform single- and multiple-target extraction at low measurements. In addition, the effect of a strong scattering environment is discussed, and the results show that the scattering disturbance hardly affects the target extraction effect. The proposed scheme presents the potential application in target extraction through scattering media.