1. Schematic of introducing ionized amino acids into graphene oxide membranes
2. (a) AFM image and (b) height profile of GO nanosheet, and FESEM images of the surface and cross-section of (c, d) pristine GO, (e, f) Lys(10)-GO, and (g, h) Lys(Na+)(10)-GO membranes
3. C1s XPS spectra of (a) GO and (b) Lys(Na+)(10)-GO membranes
4. XRD patterns of GO, Lys(10)-GO and Lys(Na+)(10)-GO membranes in (a) dry state and (b) wet state, (c) differences in the interlayer spacing of different films in dry and wet states and (d) water contact angle of pristine GO, Lys(10)-GO and Lys(Na+)(10)-GO membranes
5. (a) Permeation flux, separation factor and (b) PSI of composite membranes with different mass ratios of Lys(Lys(Na+)) to GO
6. Separation performance of Lys(10)-GO and Lys(Na+)(10)-GO membranes for separating different water/alcohol mixtures
Membrane | Feed solution | Temperature/℃ | Permeation flux/(g·m-2·h-1)
| Separation factor | PSI (×105)
| Reference |
---|
Lys(Na+)(10)-GO
| 90% n-butanol
| 40 | 2461 | 1005 | 24.7 | This work | 1%IL-GO-PEBA | 98% n-butanol
| 35 | 478.3 | 26.7 | 0.12 | [14] | GO-PMDTT | 85% n-butanol
| 40 | 973 | 99 | 0.95 | [15] | PDMS-PhTMS/PVDF | 85% n-butanol
| 60 | 850 | 1174 | 9.97 | [16] | ZIF-8@PPy30/PDMS | 95% n-butanol
| 40 | 564.8 | 70.2 | 0.39 | [17] | Lys(Na+)-GO
| 90% i-propanol
| 40 | 1127 | 1543 | 17.4 | This work | GO-GTA | 85% i-propanol
| 40 | 700 | 1800 | 12.6 | [18] | PC-0 | 88% i-propanol
| 40 | 844 | 711 | 5.99 | [19] | PVA-b-NaY | 90% i-propanol
| 35 | 5.12 | 2690 | 0.14 | [20] | Lys(Na+)-GO
| 90% ethanol | 40 | 882 | 186 | 1.63 | This work | ZIF-8@GO | 95% ethanol | 40 | 443.8 | 22.2 | 0.09 | [21] | PVA- GO | 90% ethanol | 40 | 137 | 263 | 0.36 | [22] | PEGDA-GO | 90% ethanol | 40 | 700 | 70 | 0.48 | [23] | CaGO | 90% ethanol | 40 | 430 | 141 | 0.6 | [24] | GO/ceramic | 90% ethanol | 40 | 430 | 335 | 1.43 | [25] | AZIF-8@PDMS-7 MMM | 95% ethanol | 40 | 585.6 | 17.7 | 0.10 | [26] |
|
Table 1. Summary of the performance of membranes for pervaporation dehydration of water/alcohol mixtures