Lasers as a form of specialized radiation appeared in the 20th century. Laser technology is still evolving after more than 60 years of development. It has achieved positive outcomes in various fields, including cultural relic protection, and has various uses. This study analyzed the application of laser cleaning technology, three-dimensional laser scanning technology, laser Raman analysis technology, laser denudation technology, laser welding technology, and other progress in cultural relic protection research. The application characteristics of these laser technologies were examined, and the future direction of laser technology in cultural relic protection was provided to establish a new standard for laser technology and cultural relic protection-related research.