• Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid Publications
  • Vol. 19, Issue 2, 2023041 (2023)
Shaochong Wu*, Hongyuan Wang, and Zhiqiang Yan
Author Affiliations
  • Space Optics Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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    DOI: 10.1051/jeos/2023041 Cite this Article
    Shaochong Wu, Hongyuan Wang, Zhiqiang Yan. Optical system design method of the all-day starlight refraction navigation system[J]. Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid Publications, 2023, 19(2): 2023041 Copy Citation Text show less
    The principle of starlight refraction for navigation.
    Fig. 1. The principle of starlight refraction for navigation.
    Diagram of the main parameter design method.
    Fig. 2. Diagram of the main parameter design method.
    FOV distribution of the star sensor. (a) Geometry model of starlight refraction; (b) layout of FOV distribution.
    Fig. 3. FOV distribution of the star sensor. (a) Geometry model of starlight refraction; (b) layout of FOV distribution.
    Limb background radiance at different tangent heights at 1.65 μm.
    Fig. 4. Limb background radiance at different tangent heights at 1.65 μm.
    Star detection probability at different limit magnitude with 6° FOV.
    Fig. 5. Star detection probability at different limit magnitude with 6° FOV.
    The aperture and focal length with different FOV meeting the star detection requirements.
    Fig. 6. The aperture and focal length with different FOV meeting the star detection requirements.
    Basic structure of two-mirror optical system.
    Fig. 7. Basic structure of two-mirror optical system.
    Schematic of the optical system.
    Fig. 8. Schematic of the optical system.
    Spot diagram of diffuse spots.
    Fig. 9. Spot diagram of diffuse spots.
    Energy concentration curve of the designed optical system.
    Fig. 10. Energy concentration curve of the designed optical system.
    Lateral chromatic aberration curves of the designed optical system.
    Fig. 11. Lateral chromatic aberration curves of the designed optical system.
    Relative distortion curves of the designed optical system.
    Fig. 12. Relative distortion curves of the designed optical system.
    Baffle and the designed optical system.
    Fig. 13. Baffle and the designed optical system.
    Variation curve of the PST with off-axis angle.
    Fig. 14. Variation curve of the PST with off-axis angle.
    F-number4°FOV
    6°FOV
    10°FOV
    15°FOV
    Effective apertureFocal lengthEffective apertureFocal lengthEffective apertureFocal lengthEffective apertureFocal length
    1600600460460350350292292
    2420840320640260520200400
    33501050260780200600164489
    43001200230920180720144576
    527013502101050160800130650
    Table 0. The aperture and focal length with different FOV meeting the star detection requirements (mm).
    ToleranceRange
    Radius (μm)±50
    Thickness/μm±50
    Decenter/μm±50
    Tilt/(°)±0.01
    Index0.001
    Abbe1%
    Table 0. Tolerances of designed optical system.
    Field (°)RMS radius (μm)GEO radius (μm)
    0.06.28710.700
    0.86.36112.036
    1.57.04713.785
    2.28.10616.727
    3.06.44415.359
    Table 0. Spot diagram radius with different field.
    ProbabilityCriteria (RMS spot radius in μm)
    90%<8.25
    80%<7.83
    50%<7.30
    20%<6.69
    10%<6.41
    Table 0. Deviation of nominal criteria by tolerances.
    LensRadius of curvature/mmThickness/mmRadius/mmGlass
    M1−2111.657−767.437150.277Mirror
    L1−250.140−26.27680.844D-K9
    −156.406−20.31280.814
    L2−1005.727−14.02975.380H-ZLAF75B
    808.869−61.47175.150
    L3568.244−7.07666.763H-K9LA
    −232.117−9.61266.716
    L4−159.449−24.71366.795H-FK95 N
    395.243−45.84566.404
    L5158.838−7.37258.082H-K9LA
    151.108−54.55358.100
    IMAInfinity43.613
    Table 0. Optimized parameters of the catadioptric optical system.
    FOV10°15°
    Limit magnitude6.85.44.84.64.23.9
    Average refracted star number8.19.88.910.28.58.2
    Table 0. The limit magnitude with different FOV meeting the star detection probability.
    ParameterSize
    Pixel size(μm)10 μm
    Quantum efficiency Q90%
    Median noise(e rms)12.4
    Median dark noise(e/s/pixel)0.012
    Full well capacity[ke]109
    Integration time(ms)20
    Table 0. Main parameters of the detector.
    ParametersTargets
    Focal length780 mm
    Effective aperture260 mm
    FOV≥6°
    Limit magnitude ≥4.8
    Waveband1.52–1.78 μm
    Energy concentration≥85% in 30 μm
    Distortion≤0.43%
    Integration time20 ms
    Refractive Star Observation Probability≥85%
    Non-Refractive Star Observation Probability≥95%
    Table 0. Initial parameters of the optical system.
    Shaochong Wu, Hongyuan Wang, Zhiqiang Yan. Optical system design method of the all-day starlight refraction navigation system[J]. Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid Publications, 2023, 19(2): 2023041
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