High-resolution fiber Bragg grating sensor and its applications of geophysical exploration, seismic observation and marine engineering

Zhang Wentao; Huang Wenzhu; Li Fang

doi:10.12086/oee.2018.170615

[1] Majumder M, Gangopadhyay T K, Chakraborty A K, et al. Fibre Bragg gratings in structural health monitoring—Present status and applications[J]. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 2008, 147(1): 150-164.

[2] Li H N, Li D S, Song G B. Recent applications of fiber optic sensors to health monitoring in civil engineering[J]. Engineering Structures, 2004, 26(11): 1647-1657.

[3] Willsch R, Ecke W, Bartelt H. Optical fiber grating sensor networks and their application in electric power facilities, aerospace and geotechnical engineering[C]//IEEE Optical Fiber Sensors Conference Technical Digest, 2002: 49-54.

[4] Hill K O, Meltz G. Fiber Bragg grating technology fundamentals and overview[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1997, 15(8): 1263-1276.

[5] Martinez A, Dubov M, Khrushchev I, et al. Direct writing of fibre Bragg gratings by femtosecond laser[J]. Electronics Letters, 2004, 40(19): 1170-1172.

[6] Zhao Y, Liao Y B. Discrimination methods and demodulation techniques for fiber Bragg grating sensors[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2004, 41(1): 1-18.

[7] Davis M A, Kersey A D. Matched-filter interrogation technique for fibre Bragg grating arrays[J]. Electronics Letters, 1995, 31(10): 822-823.

[8] Fu H Y, Liu H L, Dong X, et al. High-speed fibre Bragg grating sensor interrogation using dispersion compensation fibre[J]. Electronics Letters, 2008, 44(10): 618-619.

[9] Kersey A D, Berkoff T A, Morey W W. Multiplexed fiber Bragg grating strain-sensor system with a fiber Fabry-Perot wavelength filter[J]. Optics Letters, 1993, 18(16): 1370-1372.

[10] Zhou Z A, Liu A Y. The application of Fiber Bragg grating sensor to high precision strain measure[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2005, 20(3): 864-866.

[11] High sensitivity MEMS dual detector[OE/OL]. http://www.sitan-china. com/chanpinjieshao/wtyq/glmdm/.

[12] TBA-33M downhole force balance accelerometer[OE/OL]. http://www.tai-de.com/details.php name=tbatbg_33m&type=pr od.

[13] Accelerometer os7100[OE/OL]. http://www.micronoptics.com/ product/accelerometer-os7100/.

[14] Digital Hydrophone. [OE/OL]. http://www.acousnet.com/pro. aspx id=158.

[15] Pendry J B. Negative refraction makes a perfect lens[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2000, 85(18): 3966-3969.

[16] Takahashi N, Yoshimura K, Takahashi S. Characteristics of fiber Bragg grating hydrophone[J]. IEICE Transactions on Electronics, 2000, 83(3): 275-281.

[17] Qiu Z H, Shi Y L. Developments of borehole strain observation outside China[J]. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 2004, 26(S1): 162–168.

[18] Chi S L. Deep-hole broad-band strain-seismograph and high-frequency seimology——the hope to successful earthquake prediction[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(4): 1164–1170.

[19] Liu Y L, He J, Wang Y J, et al. Progress of seismic wave detection by fiber-optic sensors[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2009, 46(11): 21–28.

[20] Liu W Y, Zhang W T, Li L, et al. Optical fiber sensory technology: future direction for earthquake precursor monitoring[J]. Earthquake, 2012, 32(4): 92-102.

[21] Lissak B, Arie A, Tur M. Highly sensitive dynamic strain measurements by locking lasers to fiber Bragg gratings[J]. Optics Letters, 1998, 23(24): 1930–1932.

[22] Arie A, Lissak B, Tur M. Static fiber-Bragg grating strain sensing using frequency-locked lasers[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1999, 17(10): 1849–1855.

[23] Chow J H, Littler I C M, De Vine G, et al. Phase-sensitive interrogation of fiber Bragg grating resonators for sensing applications[ J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2005, 23(5): 1881–1889.

[24] Chow J H, Littler I C M, Mcclelland D E, et al. Laser frequency- noise-limited ultrahigh resolution remote fiber sensing[J]. Optics Express, 2006, 14(11): 4617–4624.

[25] Gagliardi G, Salza M, Ferraro P, et al. Fiber Bragg-grating strain sensor interrogation using laser radio-frequency modulation[J]. Optics Express, 2005, 13(7): 2377–2384.

[26] Lam T T Y, Chow J H, Mow-Lowry C M, et al. A stabilized fiber laser for high-resolution low-frequency strain sensing[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2009, 9(8): 983–986.

[27] Lam T T Y, Chow J H, Shaddock D A, et al. High-resolution absolute frequency referenced fiber optic sensor for quasi- static strain sensing[J]. Applied Optics, 2010, 49(21): 4029–4033.

[28] Gagliardi G, Salza M, Avino S, et al. Probing the ultimate limit of fiber-optic strain sensing[J]. Science, 2010, 330(6007): 1081–1084.

[29] Liu Q W, Tokunaga T, He Z Y. Realization of Nano static strain sensing with fiber Bragg gratings interrogated by narrow linewidth tunable lasers[J]. Optics Express, 2011, 19(21): 20214–20223.

[30] Liu Q W, Tokunaga T, He Z Y. Ultra-high-resolution large-dynamic-range optical fiber static strain sensor using Pound–Drever–Hall technique[J]. Optics Letters, 2011, 36(20): 4044–4046.

[31] Malara P, Mastronardi L, Campanella C E, et al. Split-mode fiber Bragg grating sensor for high-resolution static strain measurements[J]. Optics Letters, 2014, 39(24): 6899–6902.

[32] Chen J G, Liu Q W, He Z Y. Time-domain multiplexed high resolution fiber optics strain sensor system based on temporal response of fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers[J]. Optics Express, 2017, 25(18): 21914-21925.

[33] Huang W Z, Zhang W T, Zhen T K, et al. A cross-correlation method in wavelet domain for demodulation of FBG-FP static- strain sensors[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2014, 26(16): 1597–1600.

[34] Huang W Z, Zhang W T, Zhen T K, et al. π-phase-shifted FBG for high-resolution static-strain measurement based on wavelet threshold denoising algorithm[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2014, 32(22): 3692–3698.

[35] Huang W Z, Zhang W T, Li F. Swept optical SSB-SC modulation technique for high-resolution large-dynamic-range static strain measurement using FBG-FP sensors[J]. Optics Letters, 2015, 40(7): 1406–1409.

[36] Yoshino T, Kurosawa K, Itoh K, et al. Fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer and its sensor applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1982, 30(10): 1612-1621.

[37] Wu Z X, Wu F, Cai L L, et al. Strain measurement using a fiber Bragg grating Fabry-Perot sensor[J]. Optical Technique, 2005, 31(4): 559-562.

[38] Tsai W H, Lin C J. A novel structure for the intrinsic Fabry-Perot fiber-optic temperature sensor[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2001, 19(5): 682-686.

[39] Avino S, Giorgini A, De Natale P, et al. Fiber-optic resonators for strain-acoustic sensing and chemical spectroscopy[ M]//GAGLIARDI G, LOOCK H P. Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy and Sensing. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2014: 463-484.

[40] Huang W Z, Feng S W, Zhang W T, et al. DFB fiber laser static strain sensor based on beat frequency interrogation with a reference fiber laser locked to a FBG resonator[J]. Optics Express, 2016, 24(11): 12321–12329.

[41] R nnekleiv E. Frequency and intensity noise of single frequency fiber Bragg grating lasers[J]. Optical Fiber Technology, 2001, 7(3): 206–235.

[42] New low noise koheras basik and adjustik fiber laser[EB/OL]. http://www.nktphotonics.com/lasers-fibers/en/2016/06/07/ new-koheras-basik-adjustik-fiber-lasers/.

[43] Chen J G, Liu Q W, Fan X Y, et al. Sub-Nano-strain multiplexed fiber optic sensor array for quasi-static strain measurement[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2016, 28(21): 2311-2314.

[44] Zhang W T, Huang W Z, Luo Y B, et al. High resolution fiber optic seismometer[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators, 2017, 30(4): 491-495.

[45] Knudsen S, Havsg rd G B, Berg A, et al. High resolution fiber- optic 3-C seismic sensor system for in-well imaging and monitoring applications[C]//Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, 2006: FB2.

[47] Zeng R, Lin J, Zhao Y J. Development situation of geophones and its application in seismic array observation[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2014, 29(5): 2106–2112.

[48] Zhang Y, Ning J, Yang S M, et al. Field test investigation of fiber optic seismic geophone in oilfield exploration[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2007, 6770: 677005.

[49] The high performance optical fiber seismometer of institute of semiconductors was successfully tested in liaohe oilfield [EB/OL] http://www.cas.cn/ky/kyjz/201102/t20110216_ 3071949. shtml.

[50] Zumberge M A, Wyatt F K, Yu D X, et al. Optical fibers for measurement of earth strain[J]. Applied Optics, 1988, 27(19): 4131–4138.

[51] Gagliardi G, Maddaloni P, Malara P, et al. Ultra-high sensitivity frequency-comb-referenced multi-parametric sensors based on 1-D photonic components[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2008, 7056: 70560I.

[52] Liu Q W, He Z Y, Tokunaga T. Sensing the earth crustal deformation with Nano-strain resolution fiber-optic sensors[J]. Optics Express, 2015, 23(11): A428-A436.

[53] He Z Y, Liu Q W, Chen J G. Ultrahigh resolution fiber optic strain sensing system for crustal deformation observation[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(7): 074208.

[54] Li H L, Li H. Status and developments of borehole strain observations in China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2010, 84(6): 895–900.

[55] Qiu Z H, Xie F R, Su K Z, et al. New era of borehole strain observation[J]. Recent Developments in world Seismology, 2004(1): 7–14.

[58] Zhang W T, Li F. Component-type optical fiber drilling deformeter: CN, CN201110272389.1[P]. 2012-02-22.

[59] Zhang W T, Li F. Optical fiber borehole strainmeter for measuring state quantity: CN, CN201110272925.8[P]. 2012-05-22.

[60] Permanent reservoir monitoring[EB/OL]. https://www.pgs.com/ marine-acquisition/services/permanent-reservoir-monitoring/.

[61] Fujihashi K, Aoki T, Okutsu M, et al. Development of seafloor seismic and tsunami observation system[C]//Proceedings of 2007 Symposium on Underwater Technology and Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies, 2007: 349-355.

[63] Zhang W T, Wang Z G, Huang W Z, et al. Fiber laser sensors for micro seismic monitoring[J]. Measurement, 2016, 79: 203–210.