A lateral shearing digital holography to completely eliminate optical phase aberration is present. Based on three sequentially digital holograms by lateral translation, three phases are obtained from the holograms. The optical aberration is eliminated by subtracting the phases each other and two phase differences of the wavefront under test are obtained. Lastly, the objective three- dimensional phase without optical aberration is reconstructed through the phase differences based on Fourier expansion. An interferometer optical path in reflective configure is designed to demonstrate the proposed method. Two aberrational lenses are introduced into the path to produce unknown optical phase aberrations. The demonstration experiments are carried out without parallel calibration between the CCD plane and the test objective plane. In the experiments, the translation displacement is 0.02mm with the translation resolution of 0.01mm. The experimental results show that the root mean squared error is about λ 14 between the phase of the proposed method and the standard phase without aberration. The error sources are analyzed. The proposed lateral shearing digital holography can be used to ultra-precise optical measurement through eliminating optical phase aberration to increase the measurement resolution.