Author Affiliations
1School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China2The School of Electro-Optical Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130013, China3College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China4School of Computer and Communication, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China5Electronic Information Engineering, Xi'an Technology University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China6School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Optical wireless communication APT system diagram
[5] Fig. 2. Typical wireless laser communication APT system diagram
[1] Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of experimental azimuth
[33] Fig. 4. Composite axis pointing system
[42-43] Fig. 5. Suppress the error before and after the angle increment
[43]. (a) Angle increment before error suppression; (b) Angle increment after error supperssion
Fig. 6. Alignment response curve
[43] Fig. 7. The relationship between input voltage and angle
[43]. (a) Control voltage and angle in
θx direction; (b) Control voltage and angle in
θz direction
Fig. 8. Structure of beam detection system
[5] Fig. 9. Four kinds of situations of light beam detection
[5]. (a)
α=0,
p=0; (b)
α≠0,
p=0; (c)
α=0,
p≠0; (d)
α≠0,
p≠0
Fig. 10. Transceiver integrated UAV relay APT system
[45] Fig. 11. The signal waveform of the oscilloscope at the receiving
[45] Fig. 12. Coordinate position distribution of spot center
[45] Fig. 13. 1.3 km far-field experimental system assembly structure diagram
[5] Fig. 14. Spot position coordinates (2016-05-25 22:46~2016-05-26 22:00, rainy, 13 ℃~18 ℃)
[5]. (a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 15. Schematic diagram of beam tracking system
[47] Fig. 16. Tracking curve of beam (2017-12-05 18:00~2017-12-06 6:00, cloudy, −1 ℃~9 ℃)
[47](a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 17. Statistical results of maintaining the beam position (2017-12-05 18:00~2017-12-06 6:00, cloudy, −1°~9°)
[47] (a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 18. Assembly drawing of beacon free optical APT system of 10.2 km experiment
[43] Fig. 19. Spot center coordinates curve (2018-09-30 21:00~2018-10-01 0:00, sunny, 17 ℃)
[48]. (a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 20. Spot center coordinates curve (2018.10.1 21:00~2018.10.2. 0:00, cloudy, 12 ℃)
[48]. (a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 21. Spot center coordinates curve (2018-10-02 21:00~2018-10-02 0:00, cloudy, 14 ℃)
[48]. (a) Azimuth direction; (b) Pitching direction
Fig. 22. Spot center fitting curve
[48].(a) Change curve of spot center position; (b) Temperature and humidity curve
Fig. 23. 100 km field experiment scene
[48]. (a) Receiving terminal; (b) Transmitting terminal
Fig. 24. Spot center coordinate change curve (The first experiment)
[48]. (a) Spot center coordinates in horizontal direction; (b) Spot center coordinates in pitch direction (2019-08-18 23:00~2019-08-19 02:00, sunny, 14 ℃)
Fig. 25. Spot center coordinate change curve (The second experiment)
[48]. (a) Spot center coordinates in horizontal; (b) Spot center coordinates in pitch direction (2019-08-20 23:00~2019-08-20 02: 00, cloudy and rainy, 9 ℃)
Fig. 26. Wireless optical communication IM/DD system with fast alignment of two-dimensional mirror
[40] Fig. 27. Experiment of wireless optical communication for 10.3 km
[40] Fig. 28. Beam tracing curve (2021-07-24 23:00~2021-07-25 6:00)
[40]. (a) Pitching direction; (b) Azimuth direction
Fig. 29. Power spectrum density estimate
[40]. (a)
X position; (b)
Y position
Fig. 30. Spot tracking curve and PSD
[40]. (a) Curve of the beam tracking; (b) Curve of the beam tracking in
X and
Y directions; (c)
X PSD; (d)
Y PSD
Fig. 31. Receive and transmit signal waveforms
[40]. (a) Transmitting signal; (b) Receiving signal
文献 | 年份 | 人物/组织 | 研究进展 | 优点/参数 | [6]
| 1985 | NASDA | 激光通信设备LUCE系统 | 跟瞄精度均优于1 mrad | [7]
| 1994 | JPL | 激光通信演示终端OCD | 通信速率250 Mb/s | [8]
| 1994 | MPT | 激光通信设备LCE | 粗、精跟踪精度优于32 μrad、2 μrad | [9]
| 1999 | A.Biswas | 激光通信终端LCT系统 | CCD工作帧频1.6 kHz | [10]
| 2001 | ESA | 复合轴瞄准系统应用于SILEX系统 | 跟踪精度可达2 μrad | [11]
| 2001 | M.Guelman | 利用复合轴APT系统进行激光通信实验 | 首次采用复合轴APT系统 | [12]
| 2004 | MIT NASA | 火星激光通信演示OLCD系统 | 通信速率可达10 Mb/s | [13]
| 2008 | DLR | 激光通信终端LCT | 平均跟踪误差226 μrad | [14]
| 2012 | S.Christopher | 能够实现宽视场捕获和瞄准的小型激光终端 | 捕获视场46° | [15]
| 2013 | DLR | “狂风”战斗机实现地对空激光通信实验 | 链路距离79 km、数据传输速率1.25 Gb/s | [17]
| 2016 | C.Quintana | 应用于机载激光通信的粗精跟踪系统 | 空对地通信速率可达2 Mb/s | [18]
| 2020 | A.Riccardo | 应用于卫星通信的小型化高精度瞄准终端 | 瞄准误差小于10 μrad |
|
Table 1. Research progress abroad
文献 | 年份 | 人物/组织 | 研究进展 | 特点/参数 | [4]
| 1999 | 刘泽金、舒柏宏 | 高能激光束自动瞄准系统 | 稳定有效带宽为50 Hz | [30]
| 2005 | 柯熙政、刘长城 | 光束自动捕获系统 | 建立ATP系统仿真模型 | [19]
| 2005 | 艾勇、周亚霖 | 空间光APT系统 | 角度测量相对误差约为1.3% | [20]
| 2007 | 姜会林、佟首峰 | 复合轴粗跟踪伺服带宽优化设计 | 粗、精跟踪精度分别为60 μrad和4 μrad | [21]
| 2008 | 潘高峰、张景旭 | 共光路自动瞄准系统 | 瞄准精度可达20.52 μrad | [31]
| 2011 | 柯熙政、胡启迪 | 信标光光斑检测系统 | 利用PSD和CCD两种探测器设计APT子系统 | [22]
| 2011 | 宋延嵩、常帅 | 空空机载激光通信实验 | 通信速率1.5 Gb/s | [23]
| 2013 | 钱锋、贾建军 | 新型光斑探测相机 | 噪声对定位误差的影响降低至0.007 pixel | [24]
| 2015 | 孟立新、赵丁选 | 粗、精复合跟踪系统 | 粗、精跟踪精度分别优于23.97 μrad和 7.0 μrad | [32]
| 2016 | 柯熙政、杨沛松 | 同轴瞄准检测方法 | 角度跟踪精度为34.6 μrad | [33]
| 2016 | 柯熙政、赵奇 | 初始捕获系统 | 采用位置校准点方法,减少系统设计成本 | [25]
| 2017 | 张元生、仇振安 | 应用于机载激光通信的APT系统 | 跟踪精度可达10 μrad | [36]
| 2019 | 柯熙政、严希 | 光斑跟踪系统 | 跟踪精度可达5.4 μrad | [26]
| 2019 | 蔡美华、孔德聪 | 单探测型复合轴粗精瞄准系统 | 跟踪精度可达9.69 μrad | [35]
| 2020 | 柯熙政、景永康 | 光斑图像检测算法 | 100 km实验中实现无信标光瞄准 | [38]
| 2020 | 柯熙政、张璞 | 捕获、瞄准及调焦系统 | 10.2 km实验跟瞄精度为27.12 μrad | [27]
| 2020 | 任斌、鲁倩 | 四象限探测器跟踪系统 | 跟踪精度优于3 μrad | [39]
| 2021 | 柯熙政、杨尚君 | 二位反射镜快速对准系统 | 发射端采用相机标定,无需回传控制信息即可完成瞄准 | [39]
| 2021 | 柯熙政、梁韩立 | 机载激光自动跟踪控制系统 | 跟踪精度可达2.42 μrad | [28]
| 2021 | 李千、吴志勇 | BP神经网络位置检测/多单元阵列探测位置检测 | 光斑位置检测系统角分辨率0.187 μrad/0.903 μrad |
|
Table 2. Domestic research progress
位置 | 精度/(°) | 纬度/(°) | 海拔高度/m | 方位角(计算) | 俯仰角(计算) | 方位角(真实) | 俯仰角(真实) | A | 108.989047 | 34.254260 | 424 | | | | | B | 108.986993 | 34.254459 | 421 | | C | 108.988018 | 34.253207 | 422 | 41.371093 | 0.014749 | 41.100764 | 0.010549 | D | 108.987425 | 34.253136 | 421 | 30.354963 | −0.031860 | 30.194587 | −0.30598 | E | 108.984030 | 34.252024 | 425 | 19.403518 | −0.036114 | 19.005784 | −0.500756 | F | 108.984305 | 34.252335 | 425 | 17.402036 | −0.039703 | 17.315786 | −0.690475 | G | 108.984095 | 34.252387 | 425 | 15.973571 | −0.029830 | 16.147860 | −0.712659 | H | 108.983962 | 34.252302 | 424 | 13.204046 | −0.018559 | 13.185405 | −0.685246 | I | 108.984022 | 34.252950 | 425 | 9.599473 | −0.009892 | 9.305784 | −0.684959 | J | 108.984008 | 34.253207 | 424 | 6.655063 | 0.001487 | 6.512407 | −0.685026 | K | 108.983992 | 34.253442 | 422 | 3.911638 | 0.014622 | 3.850078 | −0.685104 | L | 108.983181 | 34.254314 | 417 | −5.185554 | 0.056791 | −4.990479 | −0.571054 |
|
Table 3. Capture uncertain region to solve the experimental data record table
[33]