• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 60, Issue 4, 0430002 (2023)
Aolin Zhang1, Jifen Wang1、*, Song Liu1, Xuejun Shi2, Xiaojie Xu2, Di Zhou2, and Zhen Zhang1
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Investigation, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China
  • 2Forensic Expertise Center of Beijing Customs Anti-Smuggling Bureau, Beijing 100000, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP213018 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Aolin Zhang, Jifen Wang, Song Liu, Xuejun Shi, Xiaojie Xu, Di Zhou, Zhen Zhang. Comparison of Spectral Pattern-Recognition Methods for Slimming Drugs in Express Delivery Channels[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(4): 0430002 Copy Citation Text show less
    Cumulative variance contribution rate of principal component
    Fig. 1. Cumulative variance contribution rate of principal component
    Infrared spectrograms of 145 samples
    Fig. 2. Infrared spectrograms of 145 samples
    Spatial distribution of Fisher discriminant samples
    Fig. 3. Spatial distribution of Fisher discriminant samples
    Classification accuracy of samples under KNN model
    Fig. 4. Classification accuracy of samples under KNN model
    Classification accuracy of SVM model
    Fig. 5. Classification accuracy of SVM model
    A, B infrared spectrum. (a) A sample; (b) B sample
    Fig. 6. A, B infrared spectrum. (a) A sample; (b) B sample
    FacilityParameter

    Nicolet iS20

    Fourier transform infrared spectrometer

    Spectral resolution:2 cm-1
    Spectral repeatability:better than 0.02 nm
    Number of scans:32
    Measuring range:4000-400 cm-1
    Dynamic adjustment up to 130000 times/s
    Signal-to-noise ratio:50∶1
    Table 1. Experimental equipment and parameters
    FunctionFunction testCorrelationTotalWilks’ LambdaSigEigenvalue
    FDA11 to 40.9982263.45100.000286.651
    FDA22 to 40.9961482.12900.000124.386
    FDA33 to 40.99815.3970.0030.00050.449
    FDA440.928271.5960.140.9136.157
    Table 2. Summary of discriminant functions of 5 groups of drug samples
    TypeZolpidemEstazolamFlunirazepmSibutramineSildenafilAccuracy /%
    Zolpidem30100
    Estazolam30100
    Flunirazepm30100
    Sibutramine25100
    Sildenafil30100
    Table 3. Accuracy of drug classification in 5 groups
    KZolpidemEstazolamFlunirazepmSibutramineSildenafil
    159.459.459.459.459.4
    288.588.588.588.588.5
    393.593.593.593.593.5
    498.298.298.298.298.2
    5100100100100100
    69999999999
    7100100100100100
    8100100100100100
    9100100100100100
    10100100100100100
    11100100100100100
    12100100100100100
    13100100100100100
    Table 4. Classification accuracy of samples under KNN model units: %
    DrugNumber
    Miaozi Slimming capsulesC1
    Xianmei capsulesC2
    Xianfeixianwei tabletC3
    Quzixiu Slimming capsulesC4
    Zhuikelier capsulesC5
    Xianti pill ⅢC6
    Meizhixuan PillC7
    Xiuzhixiufu capsulesC8
    Table 5. Number of 8 brands of Zolpidem
    BrandC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8Accuracy
    C13100%
    C21150%
    C31150%
    C410100%
    C51100%
    C67100%
    C72100%
    C81266.70%
    Table 6. Classification accuracy of 8 brands of Zolpidem
    Aolin Zhang, Jifen Wang, Song Liu, Xuejun Shi, Xiaojie Xu, Di Zhou, Zhen Zhang. Comparison of Spectral Pattern-Recognition Methods for Slimming Drugs in Express Delivery Channels[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2023, 60(4): 0430002
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