• NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES
  • Vol. 46, Issue 4, 040009 (2023)
Yilun DU1,*, Chengming LI2, Chao SHI3, Shusheng XU4..., Yan YAN5 and Zheng ZHANG6|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Jinan 250100, China
  • 2School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
  • 3Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
  • 4School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
  • 5School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
  • 6Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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    DOI: 10.11889/j.0253-3219.2023.hjs.46.040009 Cite this Article
    Yilun DU, Chengming LI, Chao SHI, Shusheng XU, Yan YAN, Zheng ZHANG. Review of QCD phase diagram analysis using effective field theories[J]. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES, 2023, 46(4): 040009 Copy Citation Text show less
    (a) The rightmost curve represents the phase diagram derived using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, the dashed line of the rightmost curve denotes the crossover, the symbol × denotes the first-order phase transition, and the junction where the dashed line and the crosses meet is a critical endpoint (CEP). The other three lines in the left panel are the hypothetical freeze-out curves. (b, c) The ratios of the high-order susceptibilities m1B and m2B compared to the collision energysNN obtained along the three freeze-out curves in (a)[116]
    Fig. 1. (a) The rightmost curve represents the phase diagram derived using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, the dashed line of the rightmost curve denotes the crossover, the symbol × denotes the first-order phase transition, and the junction where the dashed line and the crosses meet is a critical endpoint (CEP). The other three lines in the left panel are the hypothetical freeze-out curves. (b, c) The ratios of the high-order susceptibilities m1B and m2B compared to the collision energysNN obtained along the three freeze-out curves in (a)[116]
    Experimental result from measuring R32p, relative to the collision energy,sNN measured by the STAR experiment for an Au+Au collision with 0%~5% centrality, and the theoretical results ofR32B relative tosNN from the renormalization-group-based chiral perturbation theory[125]
    Fig. 2. Experimental result from measuring R32p, relative to the collision energy,sNN measured by the STAR experiment for an Au+Au collision with 0%~5% centrality, and the theoretical results ofR32B relative tosNN from the renormalization-group-based chiral perturbation theory[125]
    Experimental result from measuring Rn2p relative to the collision energysNN measured by the STAR experiment for Au+Au collisions with 0%~5% centrality, and the theoretical results ofRn2B relative tosNN from the renormalization-group-based chiral perturbation theory[125]
    Fig. 3. Experimental result from measuring Rn2p relative to the collision energysNN measured by the STAR experiment for Au+Au collisions with 0%~5% centrality, and the theoretical results ofRn2B relative tosNN from the renormalization-group-based chiral perturbation theory[125]
    The chiral phase diagram from the separable model and the variation of the critical endpoint (CEP) relative to μ5 values[145]
    Fig. 4. The chiral phase diagram from the separable model and the variation of the critical endpoint (CEP) relative to μ5 values[145]
    The variation of the critical endpoint (CEP) relative to μ5 calculated via the MT model and QC model, where the hollow circles and triangles from right to left correspond toμ5=(0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.6,0.8) GeV, respectively[147]
    Fig. 5. The variation of the critical endpoint (CEP) relative to μ5 calculated via the MT model and QC model, where the hollow circles and triangles from right to left correspond toμ5=(0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.6,0.8) GeV, respectively[147]
    Influence of the truncation parameter on temperature-dependent term of the critical endpoint (CEP) in terms of its projection onto the μ-μ5 plane within the Polyakov-loop-extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model[151]
    Fig. 6. Influence of the truncation parameter on temperature-dependent term of the critical endpoint (CEP) in terms of its projection onto the μ-μ5 plane within the Polyakov-loop-extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model[151]
    Shift of the critical endpoint (CEP) location with respect to the volume predicted by the Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equations under the Rainbow truncation[156]
    Fig. 7. Shift of the critical endpoint (CEP) location with respect to the volume predicted by the Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equations under the Rainbow truncation[156]
    The relationship between the meson melting temperature in a hot spherical cavity and the cavity radius[161]. The y-axis represents the binding energy of charm and anti-charm quarks, whose vanishing meets the criteria for the meson melting temperature.
    Fig. 8. The relationship between the meson melting temperature in a hot spherical cavity and the cavity radius[161]. The y-axis represents the binding energy of charm and anti-charm quarks, whose vanishing meets the criteria for the meson melting temperature.
    The variation of the effective quark mass with temperature at different angular velocities when radius R=1.97 fm, locationr=0.8R, and chemical potentialμ=0[57]
    Fig. 9. The variation of the effective quark mass with temperature at different angular velocities when radius R=1.97 fm, locationr=0.8R, and chemical potentialμ=0[57]
    The variation of the effective quark mass with chemical potential at different angular velocities when the radius R=1.97 fm, locationr=0.8R, and temperatureμ=0[57]
    Fig. 10. The variation of the effective quark mass with chemical potential at different angular velocities when the radius R=1.97 fm, locationr=0.8R, and temperatureμ=0[57]
    The equation of states of strange quark matter and hadronic matter[179]
    Fig. 11. The equation of states of strange quark matter and hadronic matter[179]
    Mass-radius relations of hybrid stars[179]. The shaded region represents the mass constraint on neutron stars from PSR J0348+0432.
    Fig. 12. Mass-radius relations of hybrid stars[179]. The shaded region represents the mass constraint on neutron stars from PSR J0348+0432.
    Tidal deformability Λ1-Λ2 of hybrid stars and the pure neutron star[179]. The long straight dotted line indicates the boundary ofΛ1=Λ2, along which the above stars are not deformable.
    Fig. 13. Tidal deformability Λ1-Λ2 of hybrid stars and the pure neutron star[179]. The long straight dotted line indicates the boundary ofΛ1=Λ2, along which the above stars are not deformable.
    Stability windows of two-flavor and three-flavor quark matter[198]. Rv=Gv/G represents the ratio of coupling constants of vector interaction and scalar interaction,α is the weighting factor of the exchange interaction channel, andB is the bag constant.
    Fig. 14. Stability windows of two-flavor and three-flavor quark matter[198]. Rv=Gv/G represents the ratio of coupling constants of vector interaction and scalar interaction,α is the weighting factor of the exchange interaction channel, andB is the bag constant.
    Mass-radius relations for quark stars[198]. The available mass-radius constraints of neutron stars from PSR J0740+6620 and PSR J0030+0451 (upper right loops and lower right loops), and the binary tidal deformability constraint from LIGO/Virgo GW170817 (left loops) are displayed.
    Fig. 15. Mass-radius relations for quark stars[198]. The available mass-radius constraints of neutron stars from PSR J0740+6620 and PSR J0030+0451 (upper right loops and lower right loops), and the binary tidal deformability constraint from LIGO/Virgo GW170817 (left loops) are displayed.
    At absolute zero, the relationship between the effective quark mass and chemical potential from the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with the self-consistent mean field approximation method and three-momentum cutoff regularization[196]
    Fig. 16. At absolute zero, the relationship between the effective quark mass and chemical potential from the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with the self-consistent mean field approximation method and three-momentum cutoff regularization[196]
    αB / MeV4MmaxR1.6 / kmR1.4 / km
    0.910042.01 Msol10.510.2
    0.99042.05 Msol10.910.8
    0.98042.11 Msol11.511.3
    0.88042.00 Msol10.910.7
    Table 1. The maximum masses of quark stars with different parameter sets, and the radius of quark stars with 1.6 and 1.4 M[196]
    Yilun DU, Chengming LI, Chao SHI, Shusheng XU, Yan YAN, Zheng ZHANG. Review of QCD phase diagram analysis using effective field theories[J]. NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES, 2023, 46(4): 040009
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