Anxi is the origin of Tieguanyin, with hundreds of millions of gross output values yearly. However, the price of Tieguanyin with different quality is uneven, and the counterfeit and shoddy phenomenon exists in the market. Anxi County and Hua'an County in Fujian Province are the main tea producing areas of Tieguanyin. Although these two counties have a relatively high market share in tea-production and are geographically adjacent, the quality and flavor of tea are different, causing troubles for the tea market. Detecting the types and contents of microelements in Tieguanyin is of great significance in tracing its origin. In the study, standard less semi-quantitative X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) analysis and microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used to quantitative analyze the element contents of 30 Tieguanyin samples from Anxi (Gande, Xiping, Xianghua) and Hua'an (Liangcun, Huafeng, Xiandu) counties. The element types detected by XRF are K, Ca, S, P, Mg, Al, Si, Cl, Fe, Mn, Rb, Zn, Na, Sr,and there are certain differences in element content. For comparison, we use the ICP-MS method to detect the metallic elements found by XRF. According to the results of the XRF method, tea samples were diluted quickly and accurately for ICP-MS to meet the requirements of trace detection. When detecting Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn and Zn metal elements, the correlation coefficient R² of the XRF and ICP-MS methods is between 0.824 8 and 0.892 8, and the slope of the trend line is between 0.806 0 and 0.944 9, which shows good comparability. It shows that the XRF and ICP-MS methods are suitable for detecting these six elements. XRF and ICP-MS determined one Tieguanyin sample, the relative standard deviations were less than 6.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Compared with the ICP-MS method, the XRF method is simpler and less time-consuming in the pretreatment. Therefore, when low-cost, fast and easy detection of the content of Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn and Zn in tea samples is required, the XRF detection method is preferred. K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Rb, Zn, Na and Sr metal elements detected by ICP-MS were used for stepwise discriminant analysis, and the Fisher discriminant model was established to realize the recognition of Tieguanyin tea samples in Anxi County and Hua'an County. The discriminant rate of origin test, cross-validation and test samples established by the model was 96.7%, 96.7% and 100%, respectively. ICP-MS combined with stepwise discriminant analysis is feasible for Tieguanyin tea samples in Anxi County and Hua'an County.