Near space Doppler lidar techniques and applications (Invited)

Zhaoai Yan; Xiong Hu; Wenjie Guo; Shangyong Guo; Yongqiang Cheng; Bingyan Zhang; Zhifang Chen; Weibo Zhao

doi:10.3788/IRLA20210100

Journals >Infrared and Laser Engineering >Volume 50 >Issue 3 >Page 20210100 > Article

Infrared and Laser Engineering
Vol. 50, Issue 3, 20210100 (2021)

Near space Doppler lidar techniques and applications (Invited)

Zhaoai Yan^1,2,3, Xiong Hu^1,2, Wenjie Guo^1,2, Shangyong Guo^1,2..., Yongqiang Cheng^1,2, Bingyan Zhang^1,2, Zhifang Chen^1,2,3 and Weibo Zhao^1,2,3|Show fewer author(s)

Author Affiliations

¹National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

²Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Environmental Space Situation Awareness, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20210100 Cite this Article

Zhaoai Yan, Xiong Hu, Wenjie Guo, Shangyong Guo, Yongqiang Cheng, Bingyan Zhang, Zhifang Chen, Weibo Zhao. Near space Doppler lidar techniques and applications (Invited)[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2021, 50(3): 20210100 Copy Citation Text

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Abstract

A vehicle-mounted sodium fluorescence scattering Doppler lidar and a vehicle-mounted 532 nm Rayleigh scattering Doppler lidar have been developed for wind and temperature observations in near space region. Three-frequency-ratio Doppler measurement method was used to obtain wind and temperature from 80 km to 100 km in the sodium fluorescence scattering Doppler lidar. And Iodine absorption line edge technique was employed to measure wind speed below 70 km, integration method was used to measure temperature below 80 km in the 532 nm Rayleigh scattering Doppler lidar. When the range resolution was 1 km and the temporal resolution was 1 h, the uncertainties of measured temperature and wind speed were about 0.2 K and 0.4 m/s at 40 km, 1.5 K and 5.5 m/s at 70 km, 0.3 K and 1.0 m/s at 92 km. The two lidars have carried out long-term observations in Beijing, Qinghai, Gansu. The data are used for near space environmental characteristics researches.

Keywords

Doppler lidar near space temperature wind field

\begin{aligned} g (ν, T, V) = & \frac{c}{ν_{0}} \sqrt{\frac{m}{2 π k_{B} T}} \sum_{n = 1}^{6} A_{n} e x p [- \frac{m c^{2} {(ν - ν_{n} - \frac{V ν_{0}}{c})}^{2}}{2 k_{B} T ν_{0}}] = \\ \sqrt{\frac{D}{π T}} \sum_{n = 1}^{6} A_{n} e x p [- \frac{D {(ν - ν_{n} - \frac{V}{λ_{0}})}^{2}}{T}] \end{aligned}

(1)

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$ \int g(\mathrm{\nu },T,V){\rm d}\mathrm{\nu }=1 $

(2)

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$ D=\frac{m{\lambda }_{0}^{2}}{2{k}_{B}} $

(3)

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$ {R}_{T}=\frac{{N}_+({\mathrm{\nu }}_+,T,V)+{N}_-({\mathrm{\nu }}_-,T,V)}{{N}_{0}({\mathrm{\nu }}_+,T,V)} $

(4)

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$ {R}_{V}=\frac{{N}_+({\mathrm{\nu }}_+,T,V)-{N}_-({\mathrm{\nu }}_-,T,V)}{{N}_{0}({\mathrm{\nu }}_+,T,V)} $

(5)

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$ {N}_{M}(\lambda ,{\textit{z}})=\frac{N}{{{\textit{z}}}^{2}}{k}_{M}\left[{f}_{m}{\beta }_{m}\left(\lambda ,{\textit{z}}\right)\right]{T}^{2}\left({\textit{z}}\right) $

(6)

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$ {N}_{R}(\lambda ,{\textit{z}})=\frac{N}{{{\textit{z}}}^{2}}{k}_{R}\left[{\beta }_{m}\left(\lambda ,{\textit{z}}\right)\right]{T}^{2}\left({\textit{z}}\right) $

(7)

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$ {R}_{V}=\frac{{N}_{M}(\lambda ,{\textit{z}})}{{N}_{R}(\lambda ,{\textit{z}})}=\frac{{k}_{M}}{{k}_{R}}{f}_{m}\left(V,T\right) $

(8)

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$ {n}_{A}\left({\textit{z}}\right)=\frac{{N}_{R}\left(\lambda ,{\textit{z}}\right){{\textit{z}}}^{2}}{{N}_{R}\left(\lambda ,{{\textit{z}}}_{0}\right){{\textit{z}}}_{0}^{2}}{n}_{A}\left({{\textit{z}}}_{0}\right){T}^{2}\left({\textit{z}},{{\textit{z}}}_{0}\right) $

(9)

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$ T\left({\textit{z}}\right)=\frac{T\left({{\textit{z}}}_{u}\right){n}_{A}\left({{\textit{z}}}_{u}\right)+\dfrac{M}{R}{ \displaystyle\int }_{{\textit{z}}}^{{{\textit{z}}}_{u}}g\left({\textit{z}}'\right){n}_{A}\left({\textit{z}}'\right)\mathrm{d}{\textit{z}}'}{{n}_{A}\left({\textit{z}}\right)} $

(10)

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