[1] K. Scholle, S. Lamrini, P. Koopmann, P. Fuhrberg. 2 µm laser sources and their possible applications. Frontiers in Guided Wave Optics and Optoelectronics, 471(2010).
[2] A. Godard. Infrared (2–12 µm) solid-state laser sources: a review. C. R. Phys., 8, 1100(2007).
[3] L. Zhang, S. Sun, Z. Lin, H. Lin, G. Zhang, X. Mateos, J. M. Serres, M. Aguiló, F. Díaz, P. Loiko, Y. Wang, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, E. Vilejshikova, W. Chen. Crystal growth, spectroscopy and first laser operation of a novel disordered tetragonal Tm:Na2La4(WO4)7 tungstate crystal. J. Lumin., 203, 676(2018).
[4] I. T. Sorokina, K. L. Vodopyanov. Solid-State Mid-Infrared Laser Sources(2003).
[5] P. Liu, L. Jin, X. Liu, H. Haitao, J. Zhang, D. Tang, D. Shen. A diode-pumped dual-wavelength Tm, Ho:YAG ceramic laser. IEEE Photon. J., 8, 1504007(2016).
[6] X. Y. Liu, X. W. Li, S. Z. Zhao, K. J. Yang, L. Guo, T. Li, W. C. Qiao, M. Li, B. T. Zhang, J. L. He, L. H. Zheng, L. B. Su, J. Xu. Dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked Tm-doped bulk laser with terahertz frequency beating. Chin. Opt. Lett., 17, 091401(2019).
[7] L. C. Kong, Z. P. Qin, G. Q. Xie, X. D. Xu, J. Xu, P. Yuan, L. J. Qian. Dual-wavelength synchronous operation of a mode-locked 2-µm Tm:CaYAlO4 laser. Opt. Lett., 40, 356(2015).
[8] J. Wang, Y. Wang, B. Li, D. Feng, J. Lu, Q. Luo, P. Li. Dual-wavelength laser speckle imaging to simultaneously access blood flow, blood volume, and oxygenation using a color CCD camera. Opt. Lett., 38, 3690(2013).
[9] H. W. Chu, Z. B. Pan, X. Wang, S. Z. Zhao, G. Q. Li, H. Q. Cai, D. C. Li. Passively Q-switched Tm:CaLu0.1Gd0.9AlO4 laser at 2 µm with hematite nanosheets as the saturable absorber. Opt. Express, 28, 16893(2020).
[10] P. Loiko, J. M. Serres, X. Mateos, M. Aguiló, F. Díaz, L. Zhang, Z. Lin, H. Lin, G. Zhang, K. Yumashev, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, Y. Wang, S. Y. Choi, F. Rotermund, W. Chen. Monoclinic Tm3+:MgWO4: a promising crystal for continuous-wave and passively Q-switched lasers at ∼2 µm. Opt. Lett., 42, 1177(2017).
[11] Y. Zu, J. Guo, Q. Hao, F. Zhang, C. Wang, J. Liu, B. Wang. Graphdiyne as a saturable absorber for 2-µm all-solid-state Q-switched laser. Sci. China Mater., 64, 683(2020).
[12] W. Liu, Y. Zu, Y. Wang, Z. Zhang, J. Liu, L. Su. Active Q-switching operation of a Tm:SrF2 single crystal fiber laser near 2 µm. Opt. Mater. Express, 11, 2877(2021).
[13] Y. L. Yang, S. Z. Zhao, T. Li, W. C. Qiao, B. M. Ma, L. Guo, K. J. Yang, H. K. Nie, B. T. Zhang, R. H. Wang, J. L. He, Y. C. Wang. High-peak-power Q-switched 1988 nm bulk laser based on an electro-optical La3Ga5SiO14 modulator. Appl. Opt., 59, 2616(2020).
[14] L. Guo, S. Z. Zhao, T. Li, K. J. Yang, W. C. Qiao, D. C. Li, G. Q. Li, S. Y. Zhang, J. T. Bian, L. H. Zheng, L. B. Su, J. Xu. Diode-wing-pumped electro-optically Q-switched 2 µm laser with pulse energy scaling over ten millijoules. Opt. Express, 26, 17731(2018).
[15] F. Wang, H. Huang, H. Chen, Y. Bao, Z. Li, D. Shen. GSA and ESA dual-wavelength pumped 2.3 µm Tm:YLF laser on the 3H4→3H5 transition. Chin. Opt. Lett., 19, 091405(2021).
[16] S. S. Cai, J. Kong, B. Wu, Y. H. Shen, G. J. Zhao, Y. H. Zong, J. Xu. Room-temperature cw and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:YAP laser. Appl. Phys. B, 90, 133(2008).
[17] T. L. Feng, K. J. Yang, S. Z. Zhao, W. C. Qiao, J. Zhao, D. C. Li, G. Q. Li, T. Li, L. H. Zheng, J. Xu, Q. G. Wang, X. D. Xu, L. B. Su. An acoustic-optically Q-switched Tm:SSO laser at 2 µm. Opt. Commun., 336, 20(2015).
[18] Z. G. Wang, C. W. Song, Y. F. Li, Y. L. Ju, Y. Z. Wang. CW and pulsed operation of a diode-end-pumped Tm:GdVO4 laser at room temperature. Laser Phys. Lett., 6, 105(2009).
[19] V. Petit, J. L. Doualan, P. Camy, V. Menard, R. Moncorge. CW and tunable laser operation of Yb3+ doped CaF2. Appl. Phys. B, 78, 681(2004).
[20] Y. X. Wang, S. Z. Wang, J. Y. Wang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, R. R. Liu, Y. Q. Zu, J. Liu, L. B. Su. High-efficiency ∼2 µm CW laser operation of LD-pumped Tm3+:CaF2 single-crystal fibers. Opt. Express, 28, 6684(2020).
[21] M. E. Doroshenko, K. A. Pierpoint, O. K. Alimov, A. G. Papashvili, V. A. Konyushkin, A. N. Nakladov. Formation of Tm-Y centers in CaF2-YF3:Tm3+ solid-solution crystals. J. Lumin., 208, 475(2019).
[22] S. Renard, P. Camy, A. Braud, J. L. Doualan, R. Moncorge. CaF2 doped with Tm3+: a cluster model. J. Alloys Compd., 451, 71(2008).
[23] X. Guo, J. Wang, D. Jiang, X. Qian, C. Zhang, Y. Zu, J. Liu, B. Mei, L. Su. Photoluminescence property and widely tunable, efficient 2 µm laser in Tm:Ca1−xGdxF2+x single crystals. Opt. Commun., 435, 5(2019).
[24] Z. Zhang, X. S. Guo, J. Y. Wang, C. Zhang, J. Liu, L. B. Su. High-efficiency 2 µm continuous-wave laser in laser diode-pumped Tm3+,La3+:CaF2 single crystal. Opt. Lett., 43, 4300(2018).
[25] Y. Q. Zu, X. S. Guo, J. J. Liu, J. Liu, L. B. Su. Passively Q-switched operation of a novel Tm3+, La3+ co-doped CaF2 single crystal near 2 µm. Infrared Phys. Technol., 102, 103010(2019).
[26] L. C. Kong, Z. Qiao, G. Q. Xie, Z. P. Qin, B. B. Zhao, H. Yu, L. B. Su, J. G. Ma, P. Yuan, L. J. Qian. Spectroscopic characteristics, continuous-wave and mode-locking laser performances of Tm,Y:CaF2 disordered crystal. Opt. Express, 25, 21267(2017).
[27] G. Cai, Y. Ju, B. Yao, W. Liu, X. Duan, T. Dai. Acousto-optically cavity dumped Tm:YAG laser with 54 ns pulses at 200 kHz repetition rate. Opt. Express, 22, 9942(2014).
[28] T. Feng, K. Yang, S. Zhao, J. Zhao, W. Qiao, T. Li, L. Zheng, J. Xu. Broadly wavelength tunable acousto-optically Q-switched Tm:Lu2SiO5 laser. Appl. Opt., 53, 6119(2014).
[29] X. Liu, K. Yang, S. Zhao, T. Li, G. Li, D. Li, X. Guo, B. Zhao, L. Zheng, L. Su, J. Xu, J. Bian. Kilo-hertz-level Q-switched laser characteristics of a Tm,Y:CaF2 crystal. Opt. Mater. Express, 7, 4352(2017).
[30] Y. Wen, H. Zhang, L. Zhang, S. Li, C. Wu, G. Jin. 1.99 micron Tm:YAP acousto-optical Q-switch laser. IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 563, 032007(2019).
[31] U. Sheintop, E. Perez, D. Sebbag, P. Komm, G. Marcus, S. Noach. Actively Q-switched tunable narrow bandwidth milli-Joule level Tm:YLF laser. Opt. Express, 26, 22135(2018).
