The growth of moso bamboo shoots is closely related to the yield and carbon sequestration ability of moso bamboo. The studies on the relationship between volume and biomass as well as the changing rule are beneficial to our understanding of the growth characteristics of moso bamboo shoots. Three-dimensional point cloud data of moso bamboo shoots are first obtained by the ground LiDAR technology. Then, the three-dimensional model of moso bamboo shoot is constructed and its volume is calculated. A mathematical model is finally established to convert the volume of moso bamboo shoot into its biomass. The test results show that there exists a high correlation between the volume calculated from the three-dimensional model and that computed by the Simalian''s formula. Through the sample test, the accuracy of the conversion model between volume and biomass of moso bamboo shoot reaches 84.24%. The above studies show that the ground LiDAR can provide volume parameters for the rapid biomass measurement of moso bamboo shoot.