• Nano-Micro Letters
  • Vol. 15, Issue 1, 239 (2023)
Xiaoyu Han1、2、†, Qimanguli Saiding1、†, Xiaolu Cai3、†, Yi Xiao4, Peng Wang2, Zhengwei Cai1, Xuan Gong5, Weiming Gong2、*, Xingcai Zhang4、**, and Wenguo Cui1、***
Author Affiliations
  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
  • 2Department of Orthopedics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 105 Jiefang Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, People’s Republic of China
  • 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, People’s Republic of China
  • 4School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
  • 5University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9096, USA
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    DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01187-2 Cite this Article
    Xiaoyu Han, Qimanguli Saiding, Xiaolu Cai, Yi Xiao, Peng Wang, Zhengwei Cai, Xuan Gong, Weiming Gong, Xingcai Zhang, Wenguo Cui. Intelligent Vascularized 3D/4D/5D/6D-Printed Tissue Scaffolds[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2023, 15(1): 239 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Blood vessels are essential for nutrient and oxygen delivery and waste removal. Scaffold-repairing materials with functional vascular networks are widely used in bone tissue engineering. Additive manufacturing is a manufacturing technology that creates three-dimensional solids by stacking substances layer by layer, mainly including but not limited to 3D printing, but also 4D printing, 5D printing and 6D printing. It can be effectively combined with vascularization to meet the needs of vascularized tissue scaffolds by precisely tuning the mechanical structure and biological properties of smart vascular scaffolds. Herein, the development of neovascularization to vascularization to bone tissue engineering is systematically discussed in terms of the importance of vascularization to the tissue. Additionally, the research progress and future prospects of vascularized 3D printed scaffold materials are highlighted and presented in four categories: functional vascularized 3D printed scaffolds, cell-based vascularized 3D printed scaffolds, vascularized 3D printed scaffolds loaded with specific carriers and bionic vascularized 3D printed scaffolds. Finally, a brief review of vascularized additive manufacturing-tissue scaffolds in related tissues such as the vascular tissue engineering, cardiovascular system, skeletal muscle, soft tissue and a discussion of the challenges and development efforts leading to significant advances in intelligent vascularized tissue regeneration is presented.
    Xiaoyu Han, Qimanguli Saiding, Xiaolu Cai, Yi Xiao, Peng Wang, Zhengwei Cai, Xuan Gong, Weiming Gong, Xingcai Zhang, Wenguo Cui. Intelligent Vascularized 3D/4D/5D/6D-Printed Tissue Scaffolds[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2023, 15(1): 239
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