Doppler wind lidar makes use of the principle of optical Doppler shift between signal and reference light to measure radial velocity at different distances. Compared with other traditional wind sensing methods, wind lidar has advantages of remote sensing, relatively higher temporal and spatial resolution, movability. Therefore, wind lidar is becoming a more and more important tool for precise wind measurement in wind energy industry including wind resource assessments, power performance measurement, wind turbine yaw control, individual pitch control, etc. However, the cost of the nacelle wind lidar for turbine control limits its mass application. Moreover, as wind turbines are being installed at an increasing rate today from onshore to offshore and complex mountainous terrain, the ground-based wind lidar for site and resource assessment is limited on data availability for power shortage in outdoor environment. Due to challenges in cost, volume, power consumption, the wind lidar needs improvement. Fiber laser is the main source of cost and power consumption for short-range wind lidar. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the design of fiber laser to meet the requirement of wind energy industry for short-range wind laser.A pulsed coherent doppler short-range wind lidar system based on single-stage fiber amplifier is built in this paper. To solve the problem of pulse envelope modulation caused by the interference between light at different modulated frequencies in optical path of double-pass AOM, we design a double-pass AOM scheme based on the structure of PBS and Faraday mirror (Fig.1). Then, we adopt the single-stage double-pass fiber amplifier to replace the traditional two-stage fiber amplifier (Fig.2). The 80 MHz AOM and fiber amplifier are arranged in the same double-pass path so that it gets higher saturated output power compared with the separated scheme (Fig.3).The slope efficiency and small signal gain coefficient of the double-pass fiber amplifier in CW mode is 16.7% and 36 dB, respectively (Fig.2). The output power of the fiber laser source designed for short-range wind lidar is 42.5 mW at pump of 449 mW. The pulse repetition frequency is 10 kHz and the pulse width is 300 ns. Owing to the time switching role of the AOM, the SMSR of the output pulse reaches 62 dB (Fig.3). On August 24th, the test wind lidar system based on sing-stage fiber amplifier (10 kHz, 300 ns, 4.25 µJ) is compared with the calibrated wind lidar(30 kHz, 200 ns, 6 µJ) at Nan Jing (32.16N, 119.02E) at distances from 50 to 200 m. The fitting correlation coefficient of wind velocity is higher than 0.99 at 100, 160, 200 m. The average of the deviation is less than 0.03 m/s and the standard deviation is less than 0.07 m/s. The system measurement results show that the wind velocity data of test lidar and calibrated lidar have high correlation.A pulsed coherent wind lidar system with single-stage fiber amplifier is designed. The system is characterized by simple structure of single AOM and single fiber amplifier. The single pulse energy of the fiber laser is 4.25 µJ with pulse repetition of 10 kHz and pulse width of 300 ns. Owing to the polarization separation of different shifted frequencies light in odd and even times reflected by the faraday mirror, the output pulse envelope is smooth. The wind measurement performance of the compact test wind lidar system is compared with the calibrated wind lidar at different distances from 50 to 200 m. At the distance of 200 m, the fitting correlation coefficient of wind velocity data is 0.9973. The average of the deviation is 0.0218 m/s and the standard deviation is 0.0625 m/s. In the future, we will improve the output pulse energy of the fiber laser source by increasing pump power and suppress SBS effect so that a medium-range wind lidar system can be realized.