An adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging system based on liquid crystal spatial light modulator was presented,which was operated on open-loop and two-wavelength mode.The system adopted a Shark-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS) and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator to detect and correct wavefront aberrations respectively.830 nm near infrared light was used for the wavefront detection,and 790 nm near infrared light was used for retinal imaging.The open-loop mode can enhance the light efficiency and improve the system stabilization;the two-wavelength mode can enlarge the view field.The subsystems of pupil monitoring and respond matrix measuring were introduced to make the system more convenient.Some key parameters were introduced,and the optical system was simulated and analyzed with ZEMAX.It shows that the optical system can reach the diffraction limitation,and MTF@50 lp/mm of 0.25 (3 μm at retina),which satisfies the design requirements.