Based on the wavefront aberration theory and the coordinates transform, the influence of surface-profile error of large mirror on aberration characteristic of optical system is analysed. The optical wavefront aberration and surface-profile error of mirror can be expressed as Fringe Zernike polynomial. The surface profile error on the surface of the system aperture diaphragm (exit pupil or entrance pupil) will introduce constant wavefront aberration coefficient in the full field by analysing the transformation matrix. The error on a surface not at pupil will lead lower order wavefront aberration coefficient in the optical system, the relation between different wavefront aberrations coefficient and fields is different, and the location zero for the lower aberration coefficient always resides at the center of the field of view. The result shows that it′s possible to analyse the wavefront aberration caused by surface-profile error of the reflective mirror using coordinate transformation matrix for improving the efficiency of the alignment.