A new approach of IRFPA non-effective pixel discrimination based on pixel′s two kinds of characteristic histogram decomposition was presented. Based on the analysis of the model for the effective pixel response, the approach proposes that, if the incident flux is uniform, the standard deviation(STD) and the difference of two means(DOM) for all effective pixels are both normal distributed random variables. By decomposing STD and DOM histograms through adaptive projective decomposition, the DOM and STD distribution range of effective pixel then can be estimated, and the discrimination rule for non-effective pixel is got ultimately. The experiment result using real infrared image shows the proposed technique for IRFPA non-effective pixel discrimination is effective and feasible.